The disclosure discloses a method, apparatus and system for detecting multi-mode electromagnetic acoustic and magnetic flux leakage and a sensor. The method comprises: S102, receiving an operation instruction for detecting an object to be detected, the operation instruction is used for controlling a detection sensor to enter into any one or more of working modes as follows: magnetic flux leakage detection, ultrasonic bulk wave detection, ultrasonic guided wave detection and surface wave detection; S104, controlling the detection sensor to output a corresponding detection signal according to the operation instruction; and S106, detecting the object to be detected on the basis of the detection signal. The technical solution achieves a purpose of using one sensor to realize various detection modes, such as magnetic flux leakage and electromagnetic acoustic modes, reduces complexity and cost of a detection system, and improves detection efficiency.

Some implementations include a method for estimating a first pipe thickness of a first pipe within multiple nested conductive pipes, the method comprising: forming a measured log including a set of log measurements at different depths using an electromagnetic pulsed tool disposed in multiple nested conductive pipes in a wellbore; generating a plurality of remote-field eddy current (RFEC) look-up curves based on measurements of normalized signal level responses for the multiple nested conductive pipes at one or more points in a time decay response; and selecting an RFEC look-up curve from the plurality of RFEC look-up curves at a point in the time decay response that indicates the first pipe thickness of the first pipe.

A method of chemical mechanical polishing includes bringing a conductive layer of a substrate into contact with a polishing pad, supplying a polishing liquid to the polishing pad, generating relative motion between the substrate and the polishing pad, monitoring the substrate with an in-situ electromagnetic induction monitoring system as the conductive layer is polished to generate a sequence of signal values that depend on a thickness of the conductive layer, and determining a sequence of thickness values for the conductive layer based on the sequence of signal values. Determining the sequence of thickness values includes at least partially compensating for a contribution of the polishing liquid to the signal values.

An absolute thickness distribution cannot be accurately calculated with a conventional technique. A sensor device is provided that includes a plurality of magnetic sensors arranged to face an outer circumference surface of a pipeline and ultrasonic sensors arranged to face the outer circumference surface and measure a thickness of the pipeline in a measurement region in which the plurality of magnetic sensors measure a magnetic field, the ultrasonic sensors being less than the plurality of magnetic sensors.

An apparatus for the implementation of a process for the continuous manufacturing of steel strips for packaging coated with a passivation layer is provided. An apparatus contains a transfer roller; a coating roller contacting the transfer roller, a surface of the coating roller having a plurality of hexagonally shaped cells with a line count being from 50 to 200 lines per centimeter and a volume being from 5.Math.10.sup.?6 to 10.Math.10.sup.?6 m.sup.3 per square meter of the coating roller surface; and a tank containing an aqueous passivation solution, the tank providing the aqueous passivation solution to the coating roller.

A sensor simultaneously determines a maximum rub depth and running clearance of a plurality of blade tips in a jet engine. The sensor includes an inductive component (e.g. inductor) and a resistive component comprising resistor portions each indicative of a depth into a layer of abradable material near the blade tips. When the blade tips move in proximity to the inductor, eddy currents in the blades generates a magnetic field that interact with the magnetic field generated by the inductor, which appears as an AC component in the current. When the blade tips abrade the abradable material, the resistor portions are severed and the DC current changes due to a change in resistance at the resistive component. An amplitude of the AC component indicates a running clearance as the blades move in proximity to the inductor. The frequency of the AC component indicates the rotational speed of the blades.

A method for optimizing eddy current measurements includes conveying an electromagnetic tool through a borehole. The method further includes transmitting an excitation signal from the tool. The method further includes recording an eddy current response to the excitation signal from one or more tubings and casings within the borehole before the fall time of the excitation signal.

A brake pad wear measuring system is for use on a vehicle equipped with a tire pressure monitoring (TPM) system including a wheel mounted TPM sensor, and a floating caliper disc brake system including a piston supporting an inner brake pad and a floating caliper supporting an outer brake pad, wherein the piston and floating caliper move toward each other along a braking axis in response to application of the brake system so that the brake pads engage and apply a braking force to a brake rotor. The brake pad wear system includes a permanent magnet attached to the floating caliper. The permanent magnet generates a magnetic field and being positioned on the floating caliper so that the TPM sensor of the wheel passes through the magnetic field as the wheel rotates during vehicle operation. The system also includes a field sensor implemented in the TPM sensor. The field sensor detects the magnetic field as the TPM sensor passes through the magnetic field. The system further includes a ferromagnetic target mounted to the piston. The target has a portion positioned to move between the magnet and the TPM sensor in response to brake pad wear to attenuate the strength of the magnetic field acting on the TPM sensor.

An apparatus and a method for inspecting a leak of a battery cell are provided. An apparatus for inspecting a battery cell leak to inspect whether a battery cell leaks includes: a vacuum chamber including an upper chamber and a lower chamber and configured to set a receiving space to a controlled pressure different from an external first pressure, the upper chamber and the lower chamber being arranged to face each other with the receiving space for a battery cell therebetween and providing sealing for the receiving space; a vacuum pipe valve fluidly connected to the receiving space for the battery cell to set the receiving space to a second pressure less than the first pressure; and a thickness measuring sensor configured to measure a before-vacuum thickness of the battery cell under the first pressure and measure an after-vacuum thickness of the battery cell under the second pressure.

According to the present disclosure, an apparatus and a method for inspecting a battery cell leak, capable of easily and precisely capturing damage to an exterior material of a battery cell are provided.

Apparatus and methods to investigate a multiple nested conductive pipe structure can be implemented in a variety of applications. An electromagnetic pulsed tool disposed in the multiple nested conductive pipe structure in a wellbore can make a set of log measurements and provide a measured log at different depths in the multiple nested conductive pipe structure. The total thickness of the multiple nested conductive pipes can be determined at each depth in the measured log using a remote field eddy current look-up curve. The remote field eddy current look-up curve can be correlated to a remote field eddy current regime in time-domain associated with time decay response. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.