A field device includes a detector and a converter communicative to the detector. The detector also may include, but is not limited to, a sensor, an analog-to-digital converter, and a first processor. The sensor may be configured to acquire an analog measurement signal. The analog-to-digital converter may be configured to convert the analog measurement signal to a digital signal. The first processor may be configured to convert the digital signal into a measurement value to generate a digital signal representing at least the measurement value. The converter may be configured to convert the digital signal representing at least the measurement value into an instrumentation signal to output the instrumentation signal. The detector may be configured to transmit the digital signal representing at least the measurement value and the analog measurement signal to the converter.

A system for metering gas includes a flow sensor and a controller. The flow sensor is disposed in a conduit in fluid connection with a flow of a gas through the conduit. The flow sensor includes a heater and a temperature sensing element, and generates an electrical output based on the flow of the gas. The controller controls operation of the heater and is operable in a pre-measurement mode and multiple measurement modes. The controller in the pre-measurement mode operates the heater at a pre-measurement setting. The controller in the measurement modes operates the heater at corresponding measurement settings that have increased power levels and/or increased operating durations relative to the pre-measurement setting. The controller in the measurement modes is configured to determine a flow rate of the gas based on an amplitude characteristic and/or a temporal characteristic of the electrical output of the flow sensor.

A measuring rod (1) with a longitudinal axis (A) for insertion in the flow cross section of a tube and for the verification of a flowing medium in this tube having at least one first sender unit (2) for the transmission of a first acoustic or electromagnetic measuring signal (3) and at least one first receiver unit (4) for receiving the first measuring signal, wherein the first sender unit (2) and the first receiver unit (4) define a measuring section, wherein the first sender unit (2) is arranged in such a manner that the first measuring signal (3) crosses the measuring section and wherein the first receiver unit (4) is arranged in such a manner that it, at least during operation without flow, receives the first measuring signal (3) after crossing the measuring section.

A field device (10) includes a detector (11) that detects a physical quantity and outputs a detection signal, a controller (121) that calculates, based on the detection signal, data for a measured trend indicating a temporal change in a parameter used for predictive diagnosis of the field device (10), and a memory (122) that stores the data. The controller (121) stores the data in the memory (122) at time intervals from the start time of measurement in the field device (10) to the current time and executes a compression process on the data stored in the memory (122) upon the amount of the data stored in the memory (122) reaching the upper limit of the storage capacity of the memory (122).

A field device (10) includes a detector (11) that detects a physical quantity and outputs a detection signal, a controller (121) that calculates, based on the detection signal, data for a measured trend indicating a temporal change in a parameter used for predictive diagnosis of the field device (10), and a memory (122) that stores the data. The controller (121) stores the data in the memory (122) at time intervals from the start time of measurement in the field device (10) to the current time and executes a compression process on the data stored in the memory (122) upon the amount of the data stored in the memory (122) reaching the upper limit of the storage capacity of the memory (122).

An in-line flowmeter for large diameter pipes includes an outer pipe with a diameter equal to that of the pipe to which it is coupled and an inner measuring tube carrying a portion of the flow, the flow through the measuring tube being sensed by a flowmeter associated with the measuring tube and with the total combined flow rate out of the in-line flowmeter calculated from the sensed flow through the measuring tube.

An in-line flowmeter for large diameter pipes includes an outer pipe with a diameter equal to that of the pipe to which it is coupled and an inner measuring tube carrying a portion of the flow, the flow through the measuring tube being sensed by a flowmeter associated with the measuring tube and with the total combined flow rate out of the in-line flowmeter calculated from the sensed flow through the measuring tube.

A vortex flow transducer for measuring the flow velocity of a fluid flowing in a measuring tube as well as to a vortex flow sensor for the vortex flow transducer. In such case, the vortex flow sensor includes a housing having a central axis and a connecting section, on which a shoulder is embodied, which has a bearing area. In a plane of the shoulder a membrane is arranged, whose edge is positioned over the bearing area and is axially spaced therefrom. The vortex flow sensor includes, furthermore, a flange shaped support system having a radial edge section and a cylindrical axial section, wherein the radial edge section lies with its surface against the shoulder of the platform and the cylindrical axial section extends parallel to the central axis, so that the membrane is supported against the support system upon application of a predetermined pressure on the membrane.

A measuring device with a measuring tube is disclosed. The measuring device includes a sensor unit for capturing a parameter of a medium, a control and evaluation unit, and a deflectable measuring sensor with a cavity and a base unit. The sensor unit is at least partially integrated in the wall of the measuring tube. The measuring sensor is connected to the base unit via a spring element. The base unit is arranged outside of the measuring tube. A side of the measuring sensor is in contact with the medium during operation. The cavity is arranged on the side of the measuring sensor facing the medium. The measuring sensor is integrated into the measuring tube wall in such a way that it can be deflected at least in the plane of the measuring tube wall. The sensor unit has a means for capturing the deflection of the measuring sensor.

Embodiments of methods and apparatus for close formation flight are provided herein. In some embodiments, a method of sensing three dimensional (3D) airflow by an aircraft includes: collecting measurements characterizing airflow near the aircraft; analyzing the collected measurements; creating, by a processor, a computer model predicting one or more 3D airflow patterns parameter values based on the analyzing; obtaining one or more additional measurements characterizing airflow near an aircraft of the plurality of aircraft, and evaluating an error between an airflow parameter value predicted by the computer model and the one or more additional measurement.