A non-invasive thermal dispersion flow meter with chronometric monitor for fluid leak detection includes a heater, an ambient temperature sensor and a flow rate sensor which are configured to sense the temperature of a fluid in a conduit, and then monitor the flow of that fluid through the conduit. Based upon the ambient temperature sensor readings, the flow rate sensor and heater may be adjusted to optimize the operation of the system to detect leaks. Based on the sensor readings, the flow may be adjusted to prevent damage and leaks by relieving the system of excess pressure. Geographic location, occupancy sensors and occupant identifiers are used to control the system to facilitate operation and minimize leak damage when occupants are away.

A thermal type flowmeter includes a sensor and a flow-rate calculating unit. The sensor includes a heater that heats a fluid to be measured. The sensor is configured to output a sensor value corresponding to a state of thermal diffusion in the fluid heated by the heater which is being driven in such a manner that a difference between a temperature of the heater and a temperature of the fluid at a location free from thermal influence of the heater is equal to a predetermined temperature difference. The flow-rate calculating unit is configured to calculate a flow rate of the fluid from the sensor value by using a flow-rate calculation equation, sensor value=transformation coefficient Alog (flow rate).sup.2+transformation coefficient Blog (flow rate)+transformation coefficient C.

Methods and apparatuses associated with flow sensing devices are provided. An example flow sensing device includes a flow cap component and a sensor component. The flow cap component or sensor component may include a heating element. The flow cap component can at least partially define a flow channel configured for a media to flow therethrough. The heater element may be orthogonal or perpendicular to the flow channel. The sensor component may include at least one thermal sensing element disposed upstream of the heater element and at least one thermal sensing element disposed downstream of the heater element. The sensor component may include two or more thermal sensing elements disposed in either the upstream direction or downstream direction of the heater element. Thermal sensing elements may be spaced different distances from the heater element to increase the accuracy and precision of flow rate measurement at low flow rates.

The present invention provides methods for determining a parameter associated with a flow of a fluid located within a fluid conduit, based on measuring the difference between electrical signals of at least two second sensing elements contacting different positions on am exterior of the fluid conduit. The sensing elements comprise an assembly of nanoparticles being in electric contact with conductive electrodes; wherein the electrical signals of the sensing elements are responsive to at least one of pressure and temperature. Further provided is a clamping device configured to reduce a cross-sectional diameter of a portion of the fluid conduit, in order to determine said parameter.

Systems and methods are described for monitoring fluid flow through a conduit. A method comprises conveying a fluid in a conduit so that the fluid impinges upon an impingement within the conduit and sensing a temperature with a heated temperature sensor that is thermally coupled to the conduit to provide a heated temperature measurement. The method also includes heating the heated temperature sensor with a heater and sensing a temperature of the fluid at a location of the conduit that is thermally isolated from the heater to obtain a reference temperature measurement. An indication of a flowrate of the fluid is provided based on a temperature difference between the reference temperature measurement and the heated temperature measurement.

A method for measuring a flow of a fluid in a tube includes heating the fluid in the tube with a heating element. A first signal is measured with a first temperature sensing element at a first location. A second signal is measured with a second temperature sensing element at a second location. At least one temperature signal is calculated based on the first signal and the second signal. The at least one temperature signal includes a difference temperature signal and a sum temperature signal. The difference temperature signal is calculated based on a difference between the second signal and the first signal. The sum temperature signal is calculated based on a sum of the second signal and the first signal. The flow is derived based on the difference temperature signal, the sum temperature signal, or a combination thereof.

A thermal type flowmeter includes a sensor, a correcting unit, and a flow-rate calculating unit. The sensor outputs a sensor value (first value) corresponding to the state of thermal if fusion in a fluid heated by a heater which is being driven in such a manner that the difference between the temperature of the heater and the temperature of the fluid at a location free from thermal influence of the heater is equal to a predetermined temperature difference. The correcting unit calculates a corrected sensor value (second value) by correcting the sensor value output by the sensor, in accordance with the temperature of the fluid, and outputs the corrected sensor value. The flow-rate calculating unit calculates the flow rate of the fluid from the corrected sensor value calculated by the correcting unit.

A sensor unit includes a heater that heats a measurement target fluid, and outputs a sensor value that corresponds to a thermal diffusion state of the fluid heated by the heater when the heater is driven so that a difference between a temperature of the heater and a temperature of the fluid at a position where there is no thermal effect of the heater is to be equal to a set temperature difference. A processing unit calculates an estimated value obtained by multiplying the sensor value by a value obtained by dividing the set temperature difference by a difference between the temperature of the heater and a measured temperature of the fluid. A flow rate calculation unit calculates a flow rate of the fluid from the estimated value.

A thermal flowmeter includes a casing, a ferrule, a measuring tube penetrating through the ferrule, a sensor for flow rate detection, a joint shaft movably supported by end portions of the casing, one end portion of the joint shaft being connected to the measuring tube and the ferrule with a through hole of the joint shaft and a hollow portion of the measuring tube communicating with each other, the other end portion of the joint shaft sticking out of the casing, and a screw thread-fitted to each of the end portions of the casing, and including a pressing portion pressing the joint shaft into an inside of the casing. A seal structure includes a first tapered surface formed on the ferrule and a second tapered surface formed on the joint shaft and fitting the first tapered surface, and is provided between the ferrule and the joint shaft.

A measuring device includes two sensor chips that measure a flow rate of a fluid flowing through a pipe, electrode pads extending from a temperature measuring section and from a heater, respectively, toward peripheries of the two sensor chips, and wires that are electrically connected to the electrode pads and via which a measurement signal that is output from the temperature measuring section or the heater is transmitted to outside of the sensor chips. Each of the electrode pads includes a straight portion that extends linearly from the temperature measuring section or the heater and a wide portion that is formed at a leading end of each of the electrode pads and is wider than the straight portion, and an entire surface area of the wide portion is set as a wire-bonding-allowed region, to which one of the wires is to be bonded.