Systems, methods, and a machine readable medium for measuring conductivity in a hydrocarbon sample are provided. An example conductivity analyzer includes a peristaltic pump to flow the hydrocarbons over a temperature controller and a conductivity probe. The temperature controller includes a Peltier block. The conductivity analyzer also includes the conductivity probe.

A sensor system for detecting water or air in a hollow member comprises a first acoustic sensor assembly in a first housing on one side of the hollow member, a second acoustic sensor assembly in a second housing on the opposite side, a controller unit connected to the first and/or second sensor assemblies, and where the first and second sensor assemblies and the controller unit are provided with power supply. Each of the first and second sensor assemblies comprises a set of probes connected to electronics for transmitting and receiving signals, and where the housings comprise fastening means for connecting the housings and the probes to the hollow member. The controller unit comprises a microcontroller, software for controlling and coordinating transmission and reception of signals between said probes, and means for registering and logging data generated by the sensor assemblies. A method detects water or air in a hollow member.

A system for controlling selection and distribution of a product in a product dispensing system. The system includes a user interface for prompting a selection and selecting the product, a machine control processor in communication with the user interface, a power distribution module connected to the machine control processor, and a power supply unit for supplying power to the system through the power distribution module.

A water softener apparatus comprising a housing having a chamber for accommodating at least one compressed salt block having an elongated block form, the configuration accommodating the compressed salt block within the chamber with its longitudinal axis in a vertical orientation. The water softener apparatus includes a manually detachable front cover enclosing the chamber and a non-touch salt level indicator device arranged in or on the front cover of the housing above the chamber to determine a salt level from an upper end face of the compressed salt block accommodated in the chamber, the non-touch salt level indicator device determining the salt level from the upper end face of the compressed salt block through a wall of the front cover of the housing. The non-touch salt level indicator device is a battery powered device and the water softener apparatus is a non-electric powered water softener apparatus.

Disclosed herein are various techniques and devices for detecting a level of fluid within a fluid collection receptacle. These techniques and devices may further determine a flow rate of fluid entering the fluid collection receptacle or a volume of fluid collected within the fluid collection receptacle. Sensors, including pressure sensors, may be installed in, on, or within the fluid collection receptacle to detect information about the liquid within the receptacle including fluid level, flow rate, and volume.

A vertical tubular defines a measurement chamber. A first valve is nearer an upper end of the vertical tubular than a lower end of the vertical tubular. The first valve defines a first actuable passage fluidically connected to the measuring chamber. A second is valve nearer the lower end of the vertical tubular than the upper end of the vertical tubular. The second valve defines a second actuable passage fluidically connected to the measuring chamber. A third valve is vertically aligned with the first valve. The third valve is on an opposite side of the vertical tubular from the first valve. The third valve defines a third actuable passage fluidically connected to the measuring chamber. The fourth valve defines a fourth actuable passage fluidically connected to the measuring chamber. A flange is each end of the vertical tubular.

A pump having a drive unit with an electric motor, a hydraulic unit connected to the electric motor, and an integrated control unit operatively connected to the electric motor and configured for monitoring and controlling the pump. An integrated pressure sensor, connected to the control unit, has a fixed reference pressure. The control unit determines a liquid level of a liquid surrounding the pump based on a relation between an actual value of the pressure sensor and a reference value. A method for calibrating the pump comprises initiating pumping, continuing pumping until the liquid level is equal to a predetermined calibration level, determining the actual pressure value when the liquid level is equal to the predetermined calibration level, and calibrating the pump by setting a new reference pressure value corresponding to the actual pressure value.

A device for monitoring a liquid level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle is capable of improving sensing sensitivity of a liquid level sensor by employing a structure capable of amplifying an electromotive force, which is generated by an electrode, at an electromotive force amplification layer including a carbon micro coil (CMC) and accurately sensing a frozen state of a liquid to perform a heating function so as to resolve the frozen state of the liquid.

A feature amount extraction unit outputs, as a data series, a feature amount of time-series data of an oscillation frequency of an AC signal of an oscillation circuit until a certain time elapses from when a dispensing probe starts to be lowered. Then, a bubble contact determination processing unit determines whether a liquid level has been normally detected based on a correlation between a waveform of the data series of the feature amount and an abnormal waveform model. Further, based on a determination result, a second controller determines a deviation between a tip portion of the dispensing probe and the liquid level in a container and a factor of the deviation.

A flow sensor includes a fluid chamber configured to receive a fluid. A diaphragm assembly is configured to be displaced whenever the fluid within the fluid chamber is displaced. A transducer assembly is configured to monitor the displacement of the diaphragm assembly and generate a signal based, at least in part, upon the quantity of fluid displaced within the fluid chamber.