Embodiments of the invention provide a resonant circuit including an active material substrate excitable by photon energy. A busline having a single input and a single output is located on the active material substrate. A RF resonator geometry is located on the active material substrate in electrical communication with the busline. Application of photon energy to the active material substrate changes the resonance of the RF resonator geometry at room temperatures. Alternately, a resonant circuit is provided that include a passive material substrate. An active material thin film is located on the passive material substrate. A busline having a single input and a single output and a RF resonator geometry located on the active material thin film. The RF resonator geometry is in electrical communication with the busline. Application of photon energy to the active material thin film changes the resonance of the RF resonator geometry at room temperatures.

A summation circuit (1) for summing one or more signals received from a photomultiplier array is proposed. The summation circuit comprises one or more readout circuits (5) coupleable to one or more photodiodes of the photomultiplier array (2), respectively, and a channel summing module (50), coupled at one or more outputs of the one or more readout circuits, respectively, to sum the one or more signals provided by the one or more readout circuits. The one or more readout circuits are coupleable to the photodiode of the photomultiplier array. Each readout circuit (5) comprises one or more coefficient controllers (C1, C2) for controlling multiplying coefficients of the received signal. The coefficient controllers may be placed at the input and/or at the output of the readout circuits (5).

A system for generating clock signals for a photonic quantum computing system includes a first pump photon source, a first photon-pair source optically coupled to the first pump photon source, and a first photodetector optically coupled to the first photon-pair source. The system also includes a first clock generator electrically coupled to the first photodetector, a second pump photon source, a second photon-pair source optically coupled to the second pump photon source, and a second photodetector optically coupled to the second photon-pair source. The system further includes a second clock generator electrically coupled to the second photodetector and a clock mediator coupled to the first clock generator and the second clock generator.

A light sensor assembly is provided including a base assembly configured to be fixedly mounted to a housing of a light fixture. The base assembly holds fixture contacts configured to be electrically connected to the light fixture. A photocell module is provided on the base assembly. The photocell module includes a control circuit board having an upper surface and a lower surface. The control board includes contact openings therethrough and conductors associated with corresponding openings. The photocell module has a photocell electrically connected to the control circuit board. Receptacle contacts are received in corresponding contact openings in the control board. Each receptacle contact has a socket removably receiving the corresponding fixture contact. Each receptacle contact has a mating interface electrically connected to the corresponding fixture contact. Each receptacle contact has a mounting beam terminated to the corresponding conductor of the control board. A cover is coupled to the base assembly over the photocell module.

Disclosed are an ultraviolet measuring device, a photodetector, an ultraviolet detector, an ultraviolet index calculation device, and an electronic device or portable terminal including the same. In one aspect, an ultraviolet measuring is provided to comprise: a substrate on which an electrode is formed; a readout integrated circuit (ROTC) unit electrically connected with the electrode; and an aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN) based UVB sensor electrically connected with the readout integrated circuit unit and formed on an insulating substrate, wherein the read-out integrated circuit converts a photocurrent input from the UV sensor into a digital signal including UV data.

A photoelectric conversion apparatus includes a photoelectric conversion unit, a signal line, a circuit block, and a control circuit. The circuit block includes a differential amplifier circuit including a feedback path, a first switch that controls conduction between an output terminal and the signal line, a second switch that controls conduction between an inverting input terminal and the signal line, and a third switch that controls conduction between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal. The control circuit controls a signal for controlling the first switch and a signal for controlling the third switch to have the relation of logical NOT.

A pulse oximetry measurement system uses a pseudo-random noise generator to stimulate one or more light emitting diodes (LEDs). The light amplitudes from these LEDs, after passing through a part of a body, are detected by a phototransistor or photodiode and digitized with an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The digitized ADC light amplitude values are re-correlated with the outgoing pseudo-random noise stimulus. Spread spectrum techniques are known for their noise mitigation properties, and ability to pass multiple signals through the same medium without interference. Thus, these measurements can be performed substantially simultaneously with minimal interference from each other. The pulse oximetry measurement system correlates the measured light intensities using pseudo-random noise generation and phase division multiplexing, and computes the measured and correlated peak-to-peak detected light amplitudes to obtain a ratio between these light amplitudes for determining oxygen saturation in the blood, and may also be used for heart rate monitoring.

A system for generating clock signals for a photonic quantum computing system includes a first pump photon source, a first photon-pair source optically coupled to the first pump photon source, and a first photodetector optically coupled to the first photon-pair source. The system also includes a first clock generator electrically coupled to the first photodetector, a second pump photon source, a second photon-pair source optically coupled to the second pump photon source, and a second photodetector optically coupled to the second photon-pair source. The system further includes a second clock generator electrically coupled to the second photodetector and a clock mediator coupled to the first clock generator and the second clock generator.

One embodiment of the disclosure includes an A-D conversion circuit connected to a photodiode for providing a silicon photomultiplier that with enhanced detection accuracy and a time resolution. A current generated upon photon detection by the photodiode partially flows into another photodiode adjacent to the photodiode arranged in parallel via a resistor. At this time, the current is charged into a parasitic capacitance adjacent to the photodiode, and thereafter is discharged. However, the discharged current cannot flow toward an output terminal by the A-D conversion circuit, and also cannot switch the A-D conversion circuit. Consequently, the construction of the disclosure can detect light with no influence of the current discharged from the parasitic capacitance. As a result, the disclosure achieves a silicon photomultiplier with high detection accuracy and a satisfactory time resolution.