A time-resolved hyper-spectral imaging system for imaging a sample, includes a radiation source suitable for illuminating the sample repeatably, a first optical system configured to form an image I of the sample on a spatial light modulator forming a transmission or reflection mask P, a processor connected to the spatial light modulator and configured to make the transmission or reflection mask P vary for each repetition of the illumination, a second optical system suitable for focusing the radiation transmitted or reflected by the spatial light modulator so as to form, in its image focal plane, a partial image S=P.Math.I; the imaging system being wherein it comprises: a dispersive device comprising a slit placed in the image focal plane of the second optical system, the dispersive device being suitable for spatially splitting the various wavelengths of the radiation transmitted or reflected by the spatial light modulator; a streak camera arranged so as to be illuminated by the radiation issuing from the dispersive device and configured to acquire a plurality of time-resolved partial images of the sample, the images being associated with respective and different transmission or reflection masks P, the streak camera being connected to the processor and the processor also being configured to combine the partial images of the sample so as to construct a 4D image cube I.sub.tot forming an image resolved in time and in wavelength of the sample; and corresponding time-resolved hyper-spectral imaging method for imaging a sample.

An illumination system includes an illumination source configured to emit illumination light and a dispersive optical element configured to generate an angularly dispersed optical signal from the illumination light that is used to generate a spectral image. A digital micro-mirror device (DMD) includes an array of reflective elements that receive the spectral image and direct a portion of the spectral image to an integrating sphere. A controller is configured to calculate a subset of an array of reflective elements of the DMD to activate based on a target illumination output signal using a calibration model of the illumination system. The controller is also configured to activate the subset of the array of reflective elements to change the portion of the spectral image directed to the integrating sphere to generate an illumination output signal that substantially matches the target illumination output signal.

A Multichromatic Calibration (MC) method of at least a spectral sensor which is one of a list comprising at least a spectrometer, a multispectral sensor, a hyperspectral sensor, a spectral camera, a color camera. The method comprises a. generating a plurality of different multichromatic spectra, wherein i. a spectrum from the plurality of different multichromatic spectra contains light intensity measurable by the at least one spectral sensor and by a reference spectral device, and ii. a spectrum from the plurality of different multichromatic spectra contains light centered around at least two different wavelengths and is configured to be integrated during an exposure time of a single measurement from any of the at least one spectral sensor or the reference spectral device; b. measuring each multichromatic spectrum of the plurality of different multichromatic spectra with the reference spectral device and the at least one spectral sensor; and from all data of the measured multichromatic spectra, compute a transfer function which relates a response of the at least one spectral sensor to a corresponding response of the reference spectral device, without measuring the spectral response of the at least one spectral sensor.

The disclosure relates to an interferometer element for use in a spectrometer which includes a micromechanical Fabry-Perot filter element, which has at least a first mirror element, a second mirror element, and a third mirror element. Each of the first mirror element, the second mirror element, and the third mirror element are arranged in series in an optical path of the interferometer element, and at least one of a first distance between the first and second mirror elements, and a second distance between the second and third mirror elements is modifiable.

A handheld spectrometer can be configured with a visible aiming beam to allow the user to determine the measured region of the object. When the visible aiming beam comprises the spectrometer measurement beam, the spectrometer measurement beam comprises sufficient energy for the user to see the measurement beam illuminating the object. When the visible aiming beam comprises a separate beam, the visible aiming beam comprises sufficient energy for the user to see a portion of the aiming beam reflected from the object. The visible aiming beam and measurement beam can be arranged to at least partially overlap on the sample, such that the user has an indication of the area of the sample being measured.

Disclosed are systems, devices and methods for imaging and image-based sorting of particles in a flow system, including cells in a flow cytometer. In some aspects, a system includes a particle flow device to flow particles through a channel, an imaging system to obtain image data of a particle during flow through the channel, a processing unit to determine a property associated with the particle and to produce a control command for sorting the particle based on sorting criteria associated with particle properties, and an actuator to direct the particle into one of a plurality of output paths of the particle flow device in real-time.

Apparatus and method for detecting light, the apparatus comprising: means for splitting an input beam of light, which is obtained from an optical coherence tomography arrangement into at least a first and a second beam of light; means for modulating the first beam of light to provide a first modulated beam of light and means for modulating the second beam of light to provide a second modulated beam of light; means for dispersing the first modulated beam of light to provide a first dispersed beam of light and means for dispersing the second modulated beam of light to provide a second dispersed beam of light; means for detecting the first dispersed beam of light and means for detecting the second dispersed beam of light, the means for detecting being configured to convert the detected beams of light into electrical output signals.

Apparatus and methods are described for performing tear film structure measurement on a tear film of an eye of a subject. A broadband light source (100) is configured to generate broadband light. A spectrometer (250) is configured to measure a spectrum of light of the broadband light that is reflected from at least one spot on the tear film, the spot having a diameter of between 100 microns and 240 microns. A computer processor (28) is coupled to the spectrometer and configured to determine a characteristic of the tear film based upon the spectrum of light measured by the spectrometer. Other applications are also described.

Embodiments of the disclosure relate to an input apparatus and a controlling method thereof, more particularly, to an input device for displaying a graphic in a detected color and an input touch form by detecting a color and a touch shape of an input tool for inputting a touch command. An input apparatus according to an embodiment includes a display: a first sensor configured to detect a touch position of a touch command input to the display from an input tool; a second sensor configured to detect a color of the input tool; and a controller configured to control a graphic corresponding to the input touch command to be displayed in the detected color at the detected touch position.

Systems in a flow cytometer having an interrogation zone and illumination impinging the interrogation zone include: a lens subsystem including a collimating element that collimates light from the interrogation zone, a light dispersion element that disperses collimated light into a light spectrum, and a focusing lens that focuses the light spectrum onto an array of adjacent detection points; a detector array, including semiconductor detector devices, that collectively detects a full spectral range of input light signals, in which each detector device detects a subset spectral range of the full spectral range of light signals; and a user interface that enables a user to create a set of virtual detector channels by grouping detectors in the detector array, such that each virtual detector channel corresponds to a detector group and has a virtual detector channel range including the sum of subset spectral ranges of the detectors in the corresponding detector group.