The invention relates to a photometer (30) for analysing the composition of a sample gas. The photometer comprises an infra-red (IR) source (20) configured to direct a first plurality of pulses (40) of IR radiation through the sample gas to an IR detector (26), at least two of the first plurality of pulses being of different wavelength. The photometer further comprises an ultraviolet (UV) source (32) configured to generate a second plurality of pulses (38) of UV radiation for conveyance to a UV detector (36), at least two of the second plurality of pulses being of different wavelength. A path selection arrangement (22, 42-50) is configured to selectively convey different ones of the second plurality of pulses (38) to one of the sample gas and the UV detector (36). The photometer further comprises processing circuitry coupled to the IR source (20), the UV source (32), the IR detector (26), the UV detector (36) and the path selection arrangement (22, 42-50). The processing circuitry is configured to (i) select the wavelength to be used for a given UV pulse of the second plurality of pulses (38), (ii) receive a plurality of detection signals from each of the IR detector (26) and the UV detector (36) and (iii) based on the detection signals, determine a concentration of at least one component of the sample gas. A method for analysing the composition of a sample gas is also disclosed.

A divided-aperture infrared spectral imaging (DAISI) system that is structured to provide identification of target chemical content in a single imaging shot based on spectrally-multiplexed operation. The system is devoid of spectral scanning acquisition of infrared (IR) spectral signatures of target content with an IR detector and does not require content.

Various embodiments disclosed herein describe a divided-aperture infrared spectral imaging (DAISI) system that is adapted to acquire multiple IR images of a scene with a single-shot (also referred to as a snapshot). The plurality of acquired images having different wavelength compositions that are obtained generally simultaneously. The system includes at least two optical channels that are spatially and spectrally different from one another. Each of the at least two optical channels are configured to transfer IR radiation incident on the optical system towards an optical FPA unit comprising at least two detector arrays disposed in the focal plane of two corresponding focusing lenses. The system further comprises at least one temperature reference source or surface that is used to dynamically calibrate the two detector arrays and compensate for a temperature difference between the two detector arrays.

An optical head for receiving an incident light is provided. The optical head comprises a reflective diffuser and a reflector disposed to face the reflective diffuser. The reflective diffuser is disposed in an optical path of the incident light and shields the reflector from the incident light. The reflective diffuser converts the incident light to scattered light having a Lambertian pattern. The reflector has an optical output section that transmits the scattered light and a reflective section that reflects the scattered light to the reflective diffuser and/or the other portions of the reflective sections. An optical system using the optical head is also provided.

In one embodiment, an infrared (IR) imaging system for determining a concentration of a target species in an object is disclosed. The imaging system can include an optical system including an optical focal plane array (FPA) unit. The optical system can have components defining at least two optical channels thereof, said at least two optical channels being spatially and spectrally different from one another. Each of the at least two optical channels can be positioned to transfer IR radiation incident on the optical system towards the optical FPA. The system can include a processing unit containing a processor that can be configured to acquire multispectral optical data representing said target species from the IR radiation received at the optical FPA. Said optical system and said processing unit can be contained together in a data acquisition and processing module configured to be worn or carried by a person.

A transient grating (TG) is used as an optical gating element with sub-picosecond time resolution for luminescence measurements from a photo-detector array. The transient grating is formed in a gate medium by one or more pulsed gate beams. For photoluminescence measurements such as photoluminescence spectroscopy or imaging, a source is excited by a pulsed excitation beam, and the pulsed gate beams are synchronized to the pulsed excitation beam with an adjustable delay between the excitation of the source and the formation of the TG. Moreover, a source or its spectra can be imaged at two different regions of the photo-detector array at two different times spaced in time by a selected duration of time with sub-picosecond resolution over a range of a nanosecond or more. A beam from the source is deflected to the different regions by changing the frequency or geometry of the pulsed gate beams.

Various embodiments disclosed herein describe a divided-aperture infrared spectral imaging (DAISI) system that is adapted to acquire multiple IR images of a scene with a single-shot (also referred to as a snapshot). The plurality of acquired images having different wavelength compositions that are obtained generally simultaneously. The system includes at least two optical channels that are spatially and spectrally different from one another. Each of the at least two optical channels are configured to transfer IR radiation incident on the optical system towards an optical FPA unit comprising at least two detector arrays disposed in the focal plane of two corresponding focusing lenses. The system further comprises at least one temperature reference source or surface that is used to dynamically calibrate the two detector arrays and compensate for a temperature difference between the two detector arrays.

An electronic device or entertainment gaming machine comprising: at least one betting terminal having a software program or plurality of software programs that allow at least a second player to place a bet on a jackpot if a first player declines the right to place a bet on the jackpot, wherein the second player is at a betting terminal that is apart from the conventional casino table game and the first player is playing at a conventional casino table game and is granted a right of first refusal to place a bet on jackpot by virtue of the first player's bet on the conventional casino table game, wherein the outcome of the jackpot is determined according to a combination of cards or dice in the conventional casino table game.

An optical device includes a door, a door control unit, a polarized light generation unit and a spectrum response analysis unit. The polarized light generation unit and the spectrum response analysis unit are located at a first side of the door. When the door is opened by the door control unit, a polarized light from the polarized light generation unit is transmitted through the door and externally projected on an under-test object at a second side of the door, so that a scattered light is generated. After the scattered light is returned back and transmitted through the door, the scattered light is projected on the spectrum response analysis unit, so that the spectrum response analysis unit performs a spectrum response analysis. The optical device has enhanced signal-to-noise ratio. Moreover, the optical device is capable of acquiring more explicit and diverse inherent information of the under-test object.

An optical head for receiving incident light is provided. The optical head comprises a transmissive cosine corrector and a reflector disposed to face the transmissive cosine corrector. The transmissive cosine corrector is disposed in an optical path of the incident light and shields the reflector from the incident light. The transmissive cosine corrector converts the incident light to scattered light having a Lambertian pattern. The reflector has an optical output section that transmits the scattered light and a reflective section that reflects the scattered light to the transmissive cosine corrector and/or the other portions of the reflective sections. An optical system using the optical head is also provided.