A method for aligning a projected beam on a reflector in a reflective-type beam detector, the method including adjusting the projected beam so as to: project on to substantially all, if not all, of a reflective surface of the reflector; or project on to at least a portion of a reflective surface of the reflector until a constant, or within a predetermined threshold of a constant, signal is received from the reflector; and detecting one or more edges of the reflective surface of the reflector and thereby: centering the projected beam, so as to align an approximate center of the projected beam on, or within a predetermined threshold of, an approximate center of the reflective surface of the reflector; and/or determining a shape or profile of the reflector.

A device for measuring surface temperature of a turbine blade based on a rotatable prism includes a probe, a prism rotating apparatus and an optical focusing apparatus. The prism rotating apparatus and the optical focusing apparatus are located inside the probe. The probe includes a probe outer casing, a probe inner casing, a water-cooled casing pipe, a sapphire window piece, a quartz prism, a light pipe, a collimating lens, a focusing lens and an infrared array detector. The prism rotating apparatus includes a rotary motor, a worm, a gear and a prism rotary table, the rotary motor rotates to drive the prism rotary table to rotate. The optical focusing apparatus includes a telescopic motor, a coupler, a lead screw and a drive rod, the telescopic motor rotates to drive the lead screw, so as to further drive the drive rod to move along the slot.

We disclose a chemical sensing device for detecting a fluid. The sensing device comprises: at least one substrate region comprising at least one etched portion; a dielectric region formed on the at least one substrate region, the dielectric region comprising at least one dielectric membrane region adjacent to the at least one etched portion; an optical source for emitting an infra-red (IR) signal; an optical detector for detecting the IR signal emitted from the optical source; one or more further substrates formed on or under the dielectric region, said one or more further substrates defining an optical path for the IR signal to propagate from the optical source to the optical detector. At least one of the optical source and optical detector is formed in or on the dielectric membrane region.

Systems, methods, and apparatuses for providing on-board electromagnetic radiation sensing using beam splitting in a radiation sensing apparatus. The radiation sensing apparatuses can include a micro-mirror chip including a plurality of light reflecting surfaces. The apparatuses can also include an image sensor including an imaging surface. The apparatuses can also include a beamsplitter unit located between the micro-mirror chip and the image sensor. The beamsplitter unit can include a beamsplitter that includes a partially-reflective surface that is oblique to the imaging surface and the micro-mirror chip. The apparatuses can also include an enclosure configured to enclose at least the beamsplitter and a light source. With the apparatuses, the light source can be attached to a printed circuit board (PCB). Also, the enclosure can include an inner surface that has an angled reflective surface that is configured to reflect light from the light source in a direction towards the beamsplitter.

A bolometer. In one embodiment a graphene sheet is configured to absorb electromagnetic waves. The graphene sheet has two contacts connected to an amplifier, and a power detector connected to the amplifier. Electromagnetic power in the evanescent electromagnetic waves is absorbed in the graphene sheet, heating the graphene sheet. The power of Johnson noise generated at the contacts is proportional to the temperature of the graphene sheet. The Johnson noise is amplified and the power in the Johnson noise is used as a measure of the temperature of the graphene sheet, and of the amount of electromagnetic wave power absorbed by the graphene sheet.

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the direct and precise measurement of the power and/or energy of a laser beam, which make a measurement possible even in areas close to the focus of a laser beam, A device is proposed for this purpose that contains a radiation sensor, an expansion device, and a support mount. The radiation sensor has a receiving surface and is configured for the generation of an electrical signal, which is dependent on the power of the laser beam or the energy of the laser beam. The expansion device and the radiation sensor are positioned on the support mount at a distance from one another. The expansion device is configured in such a way as to increase the angle range of the laser beam. The laser beam propagates to the radiation sensor with an increased angle range. A diameter of the laser beam propagated on the receiving surface is greater than a diameter of the laser beam in the area of the expansion device. The receiving surface of the radiation sensor encloses at least 90% of the cross-section surface of the laser beam propagated.

A light detection device includes a light detector including first detectors and second detectors both disposed along a main surface; a light coupling layer disposed on or above the light detector; and a light shielding film disposed on the light coupling layer. The light coupling layer includes a first low-refractive-index layer, a first high-refractive-index layer that is disposed on the first low-refractive-index layer and includes a first grating, and a second low-refractive-index layer that is disposed on the first high-refractive-index layer. The light shielding film includes a light transmitting region and a light shielding region adjacent to the light transmitting region. The light transmitting region faces two or more first detectors included in the first detectors, and the light shielding region faces two or more second detectors included in the second detectors.

The present invention pertains to a device for measuring a temperature distribution, which can measure a temperature distribution without contacting a minor sample having a three-dimensional structure. More particularly, the device for measuring the temperature distribution can measure a three-dimensional temperature distribution for a sample, wherein the temperature distribution in a depth direction (direction z) of the sample is measured by a thermo-reflectance technique using a chromatic dispersion lens, a diffraction spectrometer and an optical detection array; and the temperature distribution in parallel directions (direction x-y axes) of the sample is measured by the thermo-reflectance technique using a biaxial scanning mirror.

The invention refers to an electromagnetic radiation sensor micro device for detecting electromagnetic radiation, which device comprises a substrate and a cover at least in part consisting of an electromagnetic radiation transparent material, and comprising a reflection reducing coating and providing a hermetic sealed cavity and an electromagnetic radiation detecting unit arranged within the cavity. The reflection reducing coating is arranged in form of a multi-layer thin film stack, which comprises a first layer and a second layer arranged one upon the other. The first layer has a first refractive index and the second layer has a second refractive index different from the one of said first layer. First and second layer are of such layer thickness that for a certain wavelength there is destructive interference. The invention also refers to a wafer element as well as method for manufacturing such a device.

Systems, methods, and apparatuses for providing electromagnetic radiation sensing using sequential beam splitting. The apparatuses can include a micro-mirror chip having a plurality of light reflecting surfaces, an image sensor having an imaging surface, and a beamsplitter unit located between the micro-mirror chip and the image sensor. The beamsplitter unit includes a plurality of beamsplitters aligned along a horizontal axis that is parallel to the micro-mirror chip and the imaging surface. The beamsplitters implement the sequential beam splitting. Because of the structure of the beamsplitter unit, the height of the arrangement of the micro-mirror chip, the beamsplitter unit, and the image sensor is reduced such that the arrangement can fit within a mobile device. Within a mobile device, the apparatuses can be utilized for human detection, fire detection, gas detection, temperature measurements, environmental monitoring, energy saving, behavior analysis, surveillance, information gathering and for human-machine interfaces.