A cellular trail camera system is disclosed and may include a housing; a mounting bracket for mounting the camera; a visible sensor; an infrared sensor; and a plurality of Fresnel lenses each operable to be individually mounted to or with the infrared sensor and to focus infrared light to the infrared sensor from a different direction. One of the Fresnel lenses may be mounted to or with the housing during operation. The housing may include a wireless transceiver, which may communicate via a cellular network. The camera may communicate with a wireless communication device via the wireless transceiver. The camera may communicate images and/or video to the wireless device. The infrared sensor may include a plurality of elements. The camera may be powered by a solar cell that is mounted on the camera or remote from the camera. The visible sensor may be activated when the infrared sensor detects a heat-generating object.

A thermal conductivity measuring device includes a sample holder, a light source designed to emit a pulse of light of a predetermined impulse energy, an optical system for directing the pulse of light in a light path onto the sample in the sample holder, an infrared sensor for time-dependent detection of an infrared radiation intensity emitted by the sample, and an evaluation unit designed to automatically calculate the thermal conductivity of the sample on the basis of the time-dependent infrared radiation intensity. In addition, the light source has a continuous wave laser that is designed to emit an intensity-modulated laser beam, the intensity of which is modulated with an intensity modulation frequency. The light source is arranged to emit the laser beam along a light path. The evaluation unit is designed to automatically calculate the thermal conductivity of the sample on the basis of the time-dependent infrared radiation intensity and the intensity-modulation frequency.

A thermal conductivity measuring device includes a sample holder, a light source designed to emit a pulse of light of a predetermined impulse energy, an optical system for directing the pulse of light in a light path onto the sample in the sample holder, an infrared sensor for time-dependent detection of an infrared radiation intensity emitted by the sample, and an evaluation unit designed to automatically calculate the thermal conductivity of the sample on the basis of the time-dependent infrared radiation intensity. In addition, the light source has a continuous wave laser that is designed to emit an intensity-modulated laser beam, the intensity of which is modulated with an intensity modulation frequency. The light source is arranged to emit the laser beam along a light path. The evaluation unit is designed to automatically calculate the thermal conductivity of the sample on the basis of the time-dependent infrared radiation intensity and the intensity-modulation frequency.

A temperature measuring device using a thermal imaging camera according to an embodiment of the present invention may comprise: a first operation module for obtaining, for the thermal imaging camera, a curve of temperature difference versus output code difference where the X axis represents the output code difference and the Y axis represents the temperature difference indicated by a plurality of measured values; a second operation module for obtaining a function of temperature difference versus output code difference, the function curve-fitted by using the curve of temperature difference versus output code difference; and a third operation module for measuring the temperature of an object by applying the curve-fitted function of temperature difference versus output code difference.

Apparatus and methods are described for use with feces of a subject that are disposed within a toilet bowl. One or more light sensors receive light from the toilet bowl, while the feces are disposed within the toilet bowl. A computer processor detects a set of three or more spectral components that have a characteristic relationship with each other in a light spectrum of bile, by analyzing the received light, and detects a presence of bile within the feces, in response to detecting the set of three or more spectral components. The computer processor generates an output in response thereto. Other applications are also described.

Apparatus and methods are described for use with feces of a subject that are disposed within a toilet bowl. One or more light sensors receive light from the toilet bowl, while the feces are disposed within the toilet bowl. A computer processor detects a set of three or more spectral components that have a characteristic relationship with each other in a light spectrum of bile, by analyzing the received light, and detects a presence of bile within the feces, in response to detecting the set of three or more spectral components. The computer processor generates an output in response thereto. Other applications are also described.

Provided is a long-wave infrared (LWIR) sensor including a substrate, a magnetic resistance device on the substrate, and an LWIR absorption layer on the magnetic resistance device, wherein a resistance of the magnetic resistance device changes based on temperature, and wherein the LWIR absorption layer is configured to absorb LWIR rays and generate heat.

An infrared sensor uses an infrared lens with infrared filtering and focusing functions. Thus, an infrared filter can be omitted to reduce the costs and volume. In addition, a getter on the inside of a metal cover of the infrared sensor can be activated when the metal cover is soldered to the substrate of the infrared sensor. Therefore, the packaging process of the infrared sensor can be simplified.

A solder device includes a light source, a solder module, an optical guiding assembly, a sensor and a feedback controller. The light source emits waveband light guided to a to-be-soldered area for heating. The optical guiding assembly is disposed between the light source and the solder module, and the waveband light is guided to the solder module by the optical guiding assembly. The sensor is disposed on another side of the optical guiding assembly for receiving a sensing light beam and then generating a sensing signal. The sensing light beam is guided to the sensor by the optical guiding assembly. The feedback controller is connected with the sensor and the light source for receiving the sensing signal and then controlling the light source. The optical guiding assembly, the sensor and the feedback controller are integrated as a system controller. Therefore, the volume and weight of the solder module are compacted.

A solder device includes a light source, a solder module, an optical guiding assembly, a sensor and a feedback controller. The light source emits waveband light guided to a to-be-soldered area for heating. The optical guiding assembly is disposed between the light source and the solder module, and the waveband light is guided to the solder module by the optical guiding assembly. The sensor is disposed on another side of the optical guiding assembly for receiving a sensing light beam and then generating a sensing signal. The sensing light beam is guided to the sensor by the optical guiding assembly. The feedback controller is connected with the sensor and the light source for receiving the sensing signal and then controlling the light source. The optical guiding assembly, the sensor and the feedback controller are integrated as a system controller. Therefore, the volume and weight of the solder module are compacted.