A thermal sensing system includes an electrical contact, a sensing element, and a position sensor. The electrical contact includes a shaft that defines a channel. The channel extends into the shaft from an opening along an outer surface of the shaft. The sensing element is disposed at least partially outside of the channel and is operably connected to the channel through the opening. The sensing element is movable relative to the electrical contact based on a temperature change within the channel. The position sensor is spaced apart from the electrical contact and the sensing element. The position sensor is configured to detect a position change of a portion of the sensing element outside of the channel responsive to the temperature change within the channel.

A safety device for a switch includes a casing, a top cover, a conductive plate, a first terminal, a second terminal, a pushing member and a connection member. The first terminal has a first end in connection with a fixed end of the conductive plate. The second terminal has a first end with a second contact point corresponding to a first contact point on a free end of the conductive plate. The pushing member is disposed between the first terminal and the second terminal. A gap is defined between the pushing member and the conductive plate. The connection member is in connection with the top cover and the free end of the conductive plate. Therefore, the pushing member can effectively push and force the deformed conductive plate after overheating to trip off completely, so that a circuit is cut off, thereby achieving the purpose of protection of the switch.

A TiNi-based alloy, which has a torsion angle for Interface I that is a junction plane between habit plane variants of a martensitic phase, of less than 1.00; a wire, an electrically conductive actuator, and a temperature sensor, each of which uses that alloy; and a method of producing the TiNi-based alloy.

A humidifier includes: moisture permeable members each having a tubular shape; a case housing the moisture permeable members; a first flow path portion in which one of cathode gas to be supplied to a fuel cell and cathode off-gas discharged from the fuel cell flows inside the moisture permeable members; a second flow path portion in which the other of the cathode gas and the cathode off-gas flows outside the moisture permeable members within the case; and a temperature sensitive member attached to at least one of the moisture permeable members, deformable in response to temperature, and deforming so as to decrease a gap between the moisture permeable members as the temperature decreases.

A state visualizer according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes an optical member including a fixed part that has a fixed relative positional relationship with an object to be measured and a movable part that is movably supported by the fixed part and keeps a constant angle with respect to a gravity direction, the optical member retroreflecting a light or an electromagnetic wave in a case where the fixed part and the movable part are in a predetermined positional relationship. The optical member changes an intensity of the light or the electromagnetic wave reflected in a retroreflection direction in accordance with a change of a relative positional relationship between the fixed part and the movable part.

A state visualizer according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes an optical member including a fixed part that has a fixed relative positional relationship with an object to be measured and a movable part that is movably supported by the fixed part and keeps a constant angle with respect to a gravity direction, the optical member retroreflecting a light or an electromagnetic wave in a case where the fixed part and the movable part are in a predetermined positional relationship. The optical member changes an intensity of the light or the electromagnetic wave reflected in a retroreflection direction in accordance with a change of a relative positional relationship between the fixed part and the movable part.

A cooking control system having a temperature probe and a cooking appliance is described for permitting temperature target cooking of foods. The probe includes a metallic insertable portion with a sheathed tip and a temperature sensor positioned therein, a flexible heat-resistant wire coupled to the temperature sensor, and a jack coupled to the flexible, heat-resistant wire opposite the metallic insertable portion. The cooking appliance includes a heating unit, an housing, a temperature reader, and an alpha-numerical display. In use, the temperature sensor produces a signal in response to a temperature sensed at the sheathed tip and the heat-resistant wire and jack transmit the signal produced by the temperature sensor to the port of the cooking appliance. The temperature reader within the housing is coupled to the port and configured to accept and accurately convert the signal produced by the temperature sensor to a number representing the temperature sensed by the sensor and display the number for the user.

A thermal sensing system includes an electrical contact, a sensing element, and a position sensor. The electrical contact includes a shaft that defines a channel. The channel extends into the shaft from an opening along an outer surface of the shaft. The sensing element is disposed at least partially outside of the channel and is operably connected to the channel through the opening. The sensing element is movable relative to the electrical contact based on a temperature change within the channel. The position sensor is spaced apart from the electrical contact and the sensing element. The position sensor is configured to detect a position change of a portion of the sensing element outside of the channel responsive to the temperature change within the channel.

A thermal sensing system includes an electrical contact, a sensing element, and at least one position sensor. The electrical contact releasably connects to a mating contact for establishing a conductive path across a mating interface. The electrical contact defines a channel therein that extends from an opening along an outer surface of the electrical contact. The sensing element is at least partially outside of the channel and is configured to move relative to the electrical contact from a first position to a second position based on a temperature increase within the channel that exceeds a designated threshold temperature. The at least one position sensor is spaced apart from the electrical contact and is configured to detect a position change of the sensing element from the first position to the second position, indicating that the temperature within the channel exceeds the designated threshold temperature.

A gauge including a housing, a measuring port, an opening formed in the housing and a cover for covering the opening. The cover of the gauge is selected from a range of flexible and translucent materials.