A combustion speed, for example, is estimated or evaluated, with a required accuracy, more simply than the conventional art, while reducing man-hours to produce a heat generation rate waveform of an internal combustion engine. An increase rate of a heat generation rate relative to a change in a crank angle in a heat generation rate increasing period (e.g., a first-half combustion period a) in which the heat generation rate increases after ignition of an air-fuel mixture is defined as a heat generation rate gradient b/a that is one of characteristic values of the heat generation rate waveform. The heat generation rate gradient is estimated based on a fuel density (e.g., fuel density .sub.fuel@dQpeak at heat generation rate maximum time) at a predetermined time set in advance in the heat generation rate increasing period so as to produce the heat generation rate waveform using the estimated heat generation rate gradient.

A method of preventing a catalyst from being damaged through igniting timing correction may include confirming a number of engine revolutions, determining whether a misfire occurs; confirming a driving condition of a vehicle when the misfire occurs, determining an ignition timing correction efficiency based on the vehicle driving condition, and determining a misfire rate by determining and confirming a misfire effect of a cylinder based on the determined ignition timing correction efficiency

Disclosed is a hybrid power system including a computing core, a power converter, a driving motor, an engine generator, a charging stand, and a battery pack. The power converter is coupled to the computing core. The driving motor is coupled to the power converter. The engine generator is coupled to the power converter. The charging stand is coupled to the power converter. The battery pack is coupled to the power converter. When inputting a required torque to the computing core and switching to a charging mode, an electric energy source is coupled to the charging stand and provides power to the battery pack through the power converter. The computing core executes an optimal power allocation algorithm.

A wiper system for vehicles is provided. The system includes a heated wiper blade assembly, a heated cowl assembly and a controller. The controller receives input from one or more sensors or systems and causes a power source to provide, reduce or stop power to heating elements in the blade and/or cowl depending upon sensed conditions. At least some components in the assembly comprise thermally conductive polymers. The system provides surprisingly advantageous results in that it is effective for melting and clearing ice and snow with a lower than expected pull on a power source such as a battery.

Embodiments may provide a starting device for a gas internal combustion engine whereby non-combusted gas accumulating in the gas internal combustion engine and an exhaust channel is discharged before ignition startup of the gas internal combustion engine and abnormal combustion of the gas internal combustion engine is prevented so as to improve safety, breakage prevention, durability and reliability. A starting device of a gas internal combustion engine 1 having an air starting device 30 includes a rotation-speed detection unit of the gas internal combustion engine 1, a compressed-air introduction unit 5 for supplying compressed air to each of cylinders according to an order of an ignition timing of the gas internal combustion engine 1, a compressed-air supply unit 3 for supplying the compressed air to the compressed-air introduction unit 5, and a control device 2 including a cumulative rotation-speed setting device 21 whereby an operator can set a threshold value of a cumulative rotation speed optionally, the control device 2 being configured to halt supply of the compressed air by the compressed-air supply unit 3 if a set cumulative rotation speed is achieved on the basis of the rotation speed detected by the rotation-speed detection unit.

A wiper system for vehicles is provided. The system includes a heated wiper blade assembly, a heated cowl assembly and a controller. The controller receives input from one or more sensors or systems and causes a power source to provide, reduce or stop power to heating elements in the blade and/or cowl depending upon sensed conditions. At least some components in the assembly comprise thermally conductive polymers. The system provides surprisingly advantageous results in that it is effective for melting and clearing ice and snow with a lower than expected pull on a power source such as a battery.

A wiper system for vehicles is provided. The system includes a heated wiper blade assembly, a heated cowl assembly and a controller. The controller receives input from one or more sensors or systems and causes a power source to provide, reduce or stop power to heating elements in the blade and/or cowl depending upon sensed conditions. At least some components in the assembly comprise thermally conductive polymers. The system provides surprisingly advantageous results in that it is effective for melting and clearing ice and snow with a lower than expected pull on a power source such as a battery.

A wiper system for vehicles is provided. The system includes a heated wiper blade assembly, a heated cowl assembly and a controller. The controller receives input from one or more sensors or systems and causes a power source to provide, reduce or stop power to heating elements in the blade and/or cowl depending upon sensed conditions. At least some components in the assembly comprise thermally conductive polymers. The system provides surprisingly advantageous results in that it is effective for melting and clearing ice and snow with a lower than expected pull on a power source such as a battery.

A fuel property determining device for an engine is provided, the device retarding a fuel injection timing and determining a fuel property based on a combustion variation of the engine caused by the retarding. The device includes a processor configured to control a parameter related to combustibility so as to degrade a combustion state before the fuel injection timing is retarded, the parameter being different from the fuel injection timing.

An object is to carry out an abnormality diagnosis for a variable compression ratio mechanism without adding any special hardware configuration for estimating a compression ratio. An abnormality diagnostic device for a variable compression ratio mechanism adapted to be applied to an internal combustion engine comprises a controller configured to calculate a predetermined rotational speed difference which is a rotational speed difference, between an engine rotational speed at a predetermined crank angle before or after compression top dead center and an engine rotational speed in the vicinity of the compression top dead center for a predetermined cylinder at the time of carrying out fuel cut processing, set a reference range of the predetermined rotational speed difference, and make a diagnosis that abnormality has occurred in the variable compression ratio mechanism when the predetermined rotational speed difference is out of the reference range.