A universal material tester with two or more consecutively arranges test units has a test tool supporting carriage, which is provided with a removable partition that allows conversion of the test-unit installation socket from a multiple test unit holder into a single test-unit holder, or vice versa. An advantage of the tester is a possibility of expanding dynamic range of measurements by using two or more test units, which are installed in series at one setting and can be used in sequential tests without replacement but with different measurement ranges. This broadens the dynamic measurement ranges and allows revealing material properties otherwise unattainable. The test units may be combined with an imaging device installed in series with the test tools that engage the sample physically.

The present invention discloses a method for experimentally determining the influence of acid liquor on the Young modulus of compact carbonate rock. The method comprises the following steps: (1), selecting a standard core of compact carbonate rock for use, carrying out a uniaxial compressive strength experiment to establish an empirical relationship between the uniaxial compressive strength and the Young modulus of the compact carbonate rock; (2), selecting a full-diameter core in a target work area for use, carrying out a rock scratching experiment by using a rock scoring instrument, testing the compressive strength of the core, and acquiring the Young modulus of the core before acid treatment; (3), soaking the acid liquor and the core in a high-temperature and high-pressure reactor for a soaking reaction; and (4), carrying out a scratching experiment again on the core soaked with the acid liquor in the original scratching experiment position, testing the compressive strength of the core, acquiring the Young modulus of the core after acid treatment, and determining the influence of the acid liquor on the Young modulus of the compact carbonate rock. The method disclosed by the present invention is reliable in principle, and simple and convenient in operation. The influence of the acid liquor on the Young modulus of the compact carbonate rock under reservoir conditions is authentically evaluated, and the acid fracturing transformation effect of the compact carbonate rock is further improved.

The invention relates to an indenter receptacle for a measuring device, having a receptacle for detachably fastening an indenter, having an interface for mounting a measuring device, wherein a solid body joint arrangement is provided, which at least three solid body joints are provided between the interface and the receptacle and which are aligned offset at 90° to one another with respect to their flexibility in only one spatial direction.

Proposed are a method and apparatus for maintaining constancy of force in contact between a test probe and test object, which are in a state of relative motion, e.g., in a material testing machine. This is achieved by providing the material testing machine with a leveling stage that includes an adjustable leveling mechanism for eliminating deviations of the support surface of the test sample table from flatness and parallelism to a reference plane that passes through the point of contact of the probe with the object perpendicular to the test probe. The mechanism includes springing elements and thrust elements that pass through the carrier member and rest against the springing elements for adjusting thrust forces applied to the springing elements for adjusting a position of the sample supporting surface relative to a virtual reference plane, which passes through the contact point perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the probe.

A nanometer cutting depth high-speed single-point scratch test device includes a workbench, an air-bearing turntable, a test piece fixture, a test piece, a Z-direction feeding device, a nano positioning stage, a force sensor and a scratch tool. A micro convex structure with controllable length and height is machined in a position of the test piece to be scratched.

Systems and methods for analyzing mechanical properties in-situ and in real-time of an object being additively manufactured are provided. Such systems can include an inducer (e.g., micro- or nano-inducer) that measures one or more parameters of the object being manufactured, such as a hardness or modulus of material deposited to form the object, and one or more cameras that generate one or more images of the object being manufactured. The measured parameter(s) and generated image(s) can be used by a controller in real-time to generate one or more topographic images of the object being printed and/or one or more 3D-maps of the object being printed. Alternatively, or additionally, the controller can be used to modify parameters that impact the object being printed, such as parameters associated with the printer or a surrounding print environment. Methods of printing based on such systems are also provided.

Systems and methods for analyzing mechanical properties in-situ and in real-time of an object being additively manufactured are provided. Such systems can include an inducer (e.g., micro- or nano-inducer) that measures one or more parameters of the object being manufactured, such as a hardness or modulus of material deposited to form the object, and one or more cameras that generate one or more images of the object being manufactured. The measured parameter(s) and generated image(s) can be used by a controller in real-time to generate one or more topographic images of the object being printed and/or one or more 3D-maps of the object being printed. Alternatively, or additionally, the controller can be used to modify parameters that impact the object being printed, such as parameters associated with the printer or a surrounding print environment. Methods of printing based on such systems are also provided.

A scratch tester has at least one cutter that moves simultaneously both rotationally and axially relative to the rock it is cutting. When rotational and axial movements are constant, the cutter generates a helical groove in the rock. In borehole embodiments, the scratch tester is fixed at a desired location using centralizers, and the cutter is provided on a motorized platform/track that translates between the centralizers and rotates around a central axis. The cutter faces outward and extends via a cutter arm to engage and carve a helical groove in the borehole wall. A laboratory scratch tester includes a holder for a solid cylindrical core sample and a motorized translating frame on which a cutter extends. The cutter is directed toward the core sample, and the holder with the core sample is rotated by a motor so that as the cutter translates relative thereto, a helical groove is cut thereinto.

A scratch tester has at least one cutter that moves simultaneously both rotationally and axially relative to the rock it is cutting. When rotational and axial movements are constant, the cutter generates a helical groove in the rock. In borehole embodiments, the scratch tester is fixed at a desired location using centralizers, and the cutter is provided on a motorized platform/track that translates between the centralizers and rotates around a central axis. The cutter faces outward and extends via a cutter arm to engage and carve a helical groove in the borehole wall. A laboratory scratch tester includes a holder for a solid cylindrical core sample and a motorized translating frame on which a cutter extends. The cutter is directed toward the core sample, and the holder with the core sample is rotated by a motor so that as the cutter translates relative thereto, a helical groove is cut thereinto.

An apparatus and method for testing relative hardness of horizontal concrete surfaces includes a weighted platform with scratching pins on a bottom surface of the platform. The pins are arranged in a trapezoidal arrangement. The apparatus is translated over the surface to determine if the surface has reached the desired level of hardness. If translation of the apparatus results in scratching of the surface, the desired level of hardness has not been reached.