Provided is a dynamic light scattering type particle size distribution measuring apparatus 100 capable of accurately measure the particle sizes of a sample obtained from slurry or the like. The dynamic light scattering type particle size distribution measuring apparatus 100 is configured to include: a filter member 6 that is interposed between any adjacent two of a light source 4, a cell 2, and a photodetector 5 and attenuates light passing therethrough; and an information processing device 8 that measures a particle size distribution multiple times with time and combines particle size distributions obtained at respective times of measurement to thereby calculate the particle size distribution of the whole of portions of the sample introduced at the respective times of measurement. In addition, the filter member 6 is also configured to be changeable to one having a different attenuation level at every time of measurement.

A substance determining apparatus determines a substance within a fluid where particles, which have attached the substance, are bound to a binding surface. A sensing unit is configured to generate a sensing signal being indicative of at least one of i) a distance between the particles bound on the binding surface and the binding surface, and ii) an in-plane position of the particles bound on the binding surface. A binding discrimination unit is configured to discriminate between different kinds of binding of the particles bound on the binding surface depending on the generated sensing signal. The binding discrimination unit may be a unit for determining the part of the sensing signal being caused by specifically bound particles and for determining the substance based on this determined part of the sensing signal.

An instrument for measuring characteristics of particles. A particle sample is introduced into a sample cell. The sample particles are subjected to gravitational or centrifugal forces wherein particle motion is dependent upon particle characteristics. The particles are illuminated by an illumination device to produce light scattered by the particles. The light is detected by at least one detector. Characteristics of the particles are determined from the detector signals.

In-line holography to create images of a specimen, such as one or more particles dispersed in a transparent medium. Analyzing these images with results from light scattering theory yields the particles' sizes with nanometer resolution, their refractive indexes to within one part in a thousand, and their three dimensional positions with nanometer resolution. This procedure can rapidly and directly characterize mechanical, optical and chemical properties of the specimen and its medium.

Systems and methods classify pollutants based on multifactor analysis of data from sensors in a monitored area and contextual data from remote or local sources. Classifying a pollutant in air at a monitored area may include operating a particulate matter sensor to produce raw data representing measurements of particulate matter in the air, evaluating pulses in the raw data to determine a pulse width and a maximum for each pulse, and identifying a type for the pollutant in the air using a classification model and data including the pulse widths and the maxima of the pulses. The data use in classification may further include non-particulate measurements from local chemical or environmental sensors and contextual data from the cloud or from local user devices.

A flow nanoparticle measurement device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a flow cell in which a liquid sample flows, a first laser beam being irradiated to the flow cell; a laser generator configured to generate the first laser beam; and a flow controller configured to control a flow of the liquid sample for the flow cell.

Disclosed is a measurement apparatus for analyzing a cell contained in a specimen, comprising: a chamber for preparing a measurement sample in which the cell is stained with first and second fluorescent dyes contained in a reagent supplied from at least one reagent container; a liquid feeding section for feeding the reagent from the reagent container to the chamber via a liquid feeding tube provided between the reagent container and the chamber; and a detection section that acquires first and second signals each corresponding to fluorescence of a first wavelength and fluorescence of a second wavelength emitted from the cell stained with the first and second fluorescent dyes in response to irradiation of the measurement sample flowing in a flow cell with light; and an analysis section that analyzes the cell on the basis of the first and second signals.

A nanotweezer and method of trapping and dynamic manipulation thereby are provided. The nanotweezer comprises a first metastructure including a first substrate, a first electrode, and a plurality of plasmonic nanostructures arranged in an array, and a trapping region laterally displaced from the array; a second metastructure including a second substrate and a second electrode; a microfluidic channel between the first metastructure and the second metastructure; a voltage source configured to selectively apply an electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a light source configured to selectively apply an excitation light to the microfluidic channel at a first location corresponding to the array, thereby to trap a nanoparticle at a second location corresponding to the trapping region.

Presented herein are compositions, systems, and methods related to optical substrates that simultaneous (1) enhance a fluorescence signal emitted by a fluorophore and (2) enhance “contrast” signal that comprises scattered signal intensity over substrate reflectivity at a non-fluorescent wavelength. In certain embodiments, the optical substrate comprises a thin, transparent, dielectric layer. In alternative embodiments, the optical substrate comprises a stack of thin, transparent dielectric layers, for example, that is designed for both specific scattering enhancement and fluorescence enhancement.

A system comprises a particle sensor unit in communication with a processor. The sensor unit comprises a source that transmits light into an interrogation region; receive optics that collect scattered light from particles in the interrogation region; and an optical detector that receives the collected light from the receive optics. The detector comprises a sample area including one or more sampling pixels, and an edge region including one or more edge pixels. The processor analyzes intensity data from the detector by a method comprising: combining all intensity data from the sampling pixels; adding the combined intensity data to a data set; determining whether to accept overlap intensity data that corresponds to an overlap between the sampling pixels and the edge pixels; adding the overlap intensity data to the data set if accepted; discarding the overlap intensity data if not accepted; and discarding all non-overlapping intensity data from the edge pixels.