The air condition measurement apparatus according to various embodiments of the present invention comprises: a housing comprising a first space and a second space therein; a light-emitting unit which is positioned inside the housing, comprises a first lens, and radiates light to air flowing into the housing; a light-receiving unit which is positioned inside the housing, comprises a second lens, and receives reflected light formed from the reflection of the radiated light, radiated from the light-emitting unit, by foreign substances included in the air; a blocking member which transmits the radiated light or the reflected light and separates the first space, in which the light-emitting unit or the light-receiving unit is disposed, from the second space; and a control unit, wherein the control unit may be configured to measure the condition of air on the basis of a signal corresponding to the reflected light received by the light-receiving unit. Other various embodiments may be possible.

An arrangement for measuring process variables of a medium. The arrangement includes a housing embodied for accommodating a measuring apparatus for determining the physical and/or chemical process variable(s), wherein arranged in the housing is at least one window and at least the window contacts the medium, and wherein an oscillatory transducer is provided for transmitting sound waves, characterized in that the window is connected rigidly with the housing, the oscillatory transducer is arranged in a peripheral module having a module housing. The peripheral module is so arranged that the oscillatory transducer transmits the sound waves toward the window, wherein the sound waves pass through the module housing at an exit area, and the peripheral module is so arranged that medium is located in the region of the window and exit area.

An optical probe includes an optical window for transmitting light therethrough, an ultrasonic transducer for applying ultrasonic vibrations to the optical window for cleaning the optical window, and one or more light guides for transmitting light through the optical window to a measurement region and/or receiving light transmitted through the optical window from the measurement region. The ultrasonic transducer is coupled to the optical window via an elongate body adapted to transmit ultrasonic vibrations from the ultrasonic transducer to the window. The light guides communicate with the optical window adjacent the elongate body. An additional lens or light filter may be mounted adjacent the measurement window and/or the window itself may be adapted to incorporate a lens and/or light filter.

A sensor is provided for monitoring a mineral acid dissolved in a liquid. The sensor includes an internal reflection window which, in use, is in direct contact with the liquid. The sensor further includes a mid-infrared light source which directs a beam of mid-infrared radiation into said window for attenuated internal reflection at an interface between the window and the liquid. The sensor further includes a first narrow bandpass filter which preferentially transmits mid-infrared radiation over a band of wavelengths corresponding to an absorbance peak of the dissolved mineral acid to filter internally reflected mid-infrared radiation received from the window. The sensor further includes an infrared detector which detects filtered mid-infrared radiation transmitted through the first filter. The sensor further includes a processor arrangement, operably coupled to the infrared detector, which measures the intensity of the detected mid-infrared radiation transmitted through the first filter, and determines therefrom an amount of the mineral acid dissolved in the liquid.

An anti-biofouling system for attaching to a device which comprises a fouling-sensitive element and which is configured to be immersed in a liquid and at least partially cover the fouling-sensitive element. The anti-biofouling system comprises a plate which extends in a plane XY and has two opposite main faces, one of which is intended to be in contact with the liquid. The anti-biofouling system also includes at least one actuator located on one of the main faces of the plate and able to deform the plate off its plane. The plate has a nano-texture over all or part of the face intended to be in contact with the liquid. The nano-texture is formed by a plurality of elements raised with respect to a surface of the plate, each raised element having at least two dimensions of 1 nm to 1,000 nm. On at least one area of the nano-textured face the raised elements are spaced apart from one another by a distance of 1 nm to 1,000 nm.

A device and method for protecting an optical sensor of a vehicle are disclosed, wherein the sensor is protected from environmental pollutants which may adhere to an optical surface of the sensor if the sensor is exposed to them, and wherein the environmental pollutants are kept away from the sensor by an ultrasonic cleaning of the sensor surface using an ultrasonic field. The ultrasonic field of the ultrasonic cleaning is emitted by a protection device into the air to provide a protection zone around the optical surface of the sensor such that a contact of the optical surface with the environmental pollutants is avoided, wherein the environmental pollutants are moved and/or destroyed in the air away from the sensor if they enter the protection zone), and wherein the protection zone provides a contactless cleaning of the sensor.

A method of obtaining or maintaining optical transference into deaerated liquid in contact with a light transference medium is disclosed. The method comprises applying ultrasonic energy at a wavelength (?) into deaerated liquid in contact with a light transference medium. The ultrasonic energy at wavelength (?) originates at a distance (d) from an optical signal transmitted into the light transference medium. The distance (d) may be defined by a formula based on the wavelength (?) of the ultrasonic energy.

The method and apparatus as shown in the present invention is to measure the absorption of light by material contained in a liquid. A transmitted signal is sent through a measurement window to a measurement chamber to a target point just inside the measurement window. The reflected signal indicates the amount of light absorbed by a material in the measurement chamber which allows for the amount of materials in a liquid to be determined. Adjustments are made through an optical block and a light control molecule to correct for variations in light intensity.

The present invention relates to a probe unit comprising a probe (2) having a probe window (3) having a contact surface for facing a high pressure fluid flow, the probe unit comprising a probe housing (1) containing the probe including the probe window, the probe being moveable relative to the probe housing between a first position wherein the window is exposed to the fluid flow and a second position wherein the probe is enclosed by said housing and a space (11) is defined between said housing and said probe, said housing having an outer part into said fluid flow, said probe unit comprising sealing means (4, 5, 7) adapted to seal said defined space from said fluid flow when the probe is in said second position. The probe unit also comprises pressure adjustment means for reducing the pressure within said space and cleaning means (6, 9) for cleaning said probe when within said space.

A sensor is provided for monitoring a mineral acid dissolved in a liquid. The sensor includes an internal reflection window which, in use, is in direct contact with the liquid. The sensor further includes a mid-infrared light source which directs a beam of mid-infrared radiation into said window for attenuated internal reflection at an interface between the window and the liquid. The sensor further includes a first narrow bandpass filter which preferentially transmits mid-infrared radiation over a band of wavelengths corresponding to an absorbance peak of the dissolved mineral acid to filter internally reflected mid-infrared radiation received from the window. The sensor further includes an infrared detector which detects filtered mid-infrared radiation transmitted through the first filter. The sensor further includes a processor arrangement, operably coupled to the infrared detector, which measures the intensity of the detected mid-infrared radiation transmitted through the first filter, and determines therefrom an amount of the mineral acid dissolved in the liquid.