The present invention relates to a method of characterizing the binding characteristics between a peptide of interest and MHC molecules of a given cell type, the method comprising the steps of: (i) Providing two or more cells characterized by displaying, on their surface, MHC molecules, (ii) dispensing the two or more cells in two or more vessels, so that each vessel comprises one or more cells, (iii) adding, to the different vessels, different variants of a peptide of interest, wherein the variants of said peptide are labeled and have the same amino acid sequence, yet differ from one another in the type of labeling and their concentration, and exposing the cells thereto so as to form, in the different vessels, peptide-MHC complexes on the surface of the cells, (iv) isolating the thus formed peptide-MHC complexes and (v) determining the concentration of the different peptide-MHC complexes formed (FIG. 1).

Disclosed is a glucose measuring apparatus including a pressure measurer having an elastic part or a pressure sensor, that measures a pressure applied to an object, a film that comprises a first optical waveguide configured to be close to the object, a near infrared ray (NIR) irradiator that irradiates an NIR to the first optical waveguide if the measured pressure is greater than or equal to a preset value, an NIR receiver that receives an attenuated total reflection NIR (ATR-NIR) from the first optical waveguide, and an analyzer that measures a blood glucose level based on the ATR-NIR, wherein the film is an independent module that can be combined with and separated from the glucose measuring apparatus.

Disclosed is a glucose measuring apparatus including a pressure measurer having an elastic part or a pressure sensor, that measures a pressure applied to an object, a film that comprises a first optical waveguide configured to be close to the object, a near infrared ray (NIR) irradiator that irradiates an NIR to the first optical waveguide if the measured pressure is greater than or equal to a preset value, an NIR receiver that receives an attenuated total reflection NIR (ATR-NIR) from the first optical waveguide, and an analyzer that measures a blood glucose level based on the ATR-NIR, wherein the film is an independent module that can be combined with and separated from the glucose measuring apparatus.

Methods of improving the measurement of knee stress in an ion-exchanged chemically strengthened Li-containing glass sample that includes a knee are disclosed. One of the methods includes compensating for a shift in the location of the TIR-PR transition location associated with the critical angle location, wherein the shift is due to the presence of a leaky mode. Another method includes applying select criteria to the captured mode spectra image to ensure a high-quality image is used for the knee stress calculation. Another method combines direct and indirect measurements of the knee stress using the mode spectra from multiple samples to obtain greater accuracy and precision as compared to using either the direct measurement method or the indirect measurement method alone. Quality control methods of forming the glass samples using measured mode spectra and related techniques for ensuring an accurate measurement of the knee stress are also disclosed.

Methods of improving the measurement of knee stress in an ion-exchanged chemically strengthened Li-containing glass sample that includes a knee are disclosed. One of the methods includes compensating for a shift in the location of the TIR-PR transition location associated with the critical angle location, wherein the shift is due to the presence of a leaky mode. Another method includes applying select criteria to the captured mode spectra image to ensure a high-quality image is used for the knee stress calculation. Another method combines direct and indirect measurements of the knee stress using the mode spectra from multiple samples to obtain greater accuracy and precision as compared to using either the direct measurement method or the indirect measurement method alone. Quality control methods of forming the glass samples using measured mode spectra and related techniques for ensuring an accurate measurement of the knee stress are also disclosed.

The disclosure provides a method of generating an artificial fluorescent image of cells is provided. The method includes receiving a brightfield image generated by a brightfield microscopy imaging modality of at least a portion of cells included in a specimen, applying, to the brightfield image, at least one trained model, the trained model being trained to generate the artificial fluorescent image based on the brightfield image, receiving the artificial fluorescent image from the trained model

A measurement system configured to examine a sample. The system comprises an internally reflective element, a contact member, an actuator, an optical assembly, a sensor, and a controller. The contact member and the reflective element are configured to apply a force to the sample. The optical assembly is configured to scan the sample. Whereby prior to the scan, an initial force is applied to the sample, and after the scan, a resulting force is applied to the sample. The sensor is configured to detect the resulting force applied to the sample, and the controller is configured to receive a signal from the sensor indicative of the detected resulting force. The controller is further configured to control the actuator to adjust the force applied to the sample by the contact member and the internally reflective element from the resulting force to the initial force.

A measurement system configured to examine a sample. The system comprises an internally reflective element, a contact member, an actuator, an optical assembly, a sensor, and a controller. The contact member and the reflective element are configured to apply a force to the sample. The optical assembly is configured to scan the sample. Whereby prior to the scan, an initial force is applied to the sample, and after the scan, a resulting force is applied to the sample. The sensor is configured to detect the resulting force applied to the sample, and the controller is configured to receive a signal from the sensor indicative of the detected resulting force. The controller is further configured to control the actuator to adjust the force applied to the sample by the contact member and the internally reflective element from the resulting force to the initial force.

An optical measurement system measurement system for examining a sample. The measurement system comprises an internally reflective element, a stage, an optical assembly, a chassis, and a sensor. The internally reflective element has a contact surface. The stage is positioned below the internally reflective element. The stage and the internally reflective element are configured to apply a force to the sample. The optical assembly comprises a light source and a light detector. The optical assembly is configured to scan the sample by directing source light from the light source towards the contact surface and detecting source light optically interacting with the contact surface by the light detector. The chassis is configured to support the optical assembly and the internally reflective element. The sensor is mounted to the chassis and configured to detect the force applied to the sample by the internally reflective element and the stage.

Provided herein is a sensing apparatus comprising, at least one LSPR light source, at least one detector, and at least one sensor for LSPR detection of a target chemical. The sensor comprises a substantially transparent, porous membrane having nanoparticles immobilized on the surface of its pores, the nanoparticles being functionalized with one or more capture molecules. There is further provided a self-referencing sensor for distinguishing non-specific signals from analyte binding signals. The self-referencing sensor comprising one or more nanoparticles having at least two distinct LSPR signals.