Methods and assemblies for aligning an optical device with a surface configured to receive a liquid coating and for measuring a parameter of a liquid coating are provided. An exemplary method for measuring a parameter of a liquid coating includes providing a mechanical carriage connected to a surface configured to receive a layer of the liquid coating. An exemplary mechanical carriage is configured to move to and from an operative configuration located at a set distance and orientation with respect to the surface. The method further includes locating an optical device in the mechanical carriage. Also, the method includes adjusting an orientation of the optical device within the mechanical carriage to an aligned orientation based on a relationship between the surface and a mechanical alignment feature on the optical device. The method further includes performing a parameter measurement operation with the optical device in the aligned orientation.

A method is described in which a reflection is obtained of a laser light pattern reflected from a substrate. A reflection of diffuse light may be obtained from the substrate. A first parameter may be determined, relating to the substrate from the reflected laser light pattern. A second parameter may be determined, relating to the substrate from the reflected diffuse light and a characteristic of the substrate may be determined from the first and second parameters. A print apparatus and a machine-readable medium are also disclosed.

A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes: a steel sheet; and an amorphous oxide layer that is formed on the steel sheet, in which a glossiness of a surface is 150% or higher.

A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes: a steel sheet; and an amorphous oxide layer that is formed on the steel sheet, in which a glossiness of a surface is 150% or higher.

In various exemplary embodiments, a device for determining the gloss value of hair is provided. The device includes a light source for illuminating at least one hair with light, where the at least one hair is arranged to extend along a cylinder section-like carrier in such a way that a plurality of adjacent hair sections is arranged essentially perpendicular to a cylinder axis. The device further includes a portable camera for capturing a digital image of the at least one hair during illumination and a portable electronic data processing device for determining a gloss value of the hair based on the digital image.

In various exemplary embodiments, a device for determining the gloss value of hair is provided. The device includes a light source for illuminating at least one hair with light, where the at least one hair is arranged to extend along a cylinder section-like carrier in such a way that a plurality of adjacent hair sections is arranged essentially perpendicular to a cylinder axis. The device further includes a portable camera for capturing a digital image of the at least one hair during illumination and a portable electronic data processing device for determining a gloss value of the hair based on the digital image.

An optical media sensor includes a guide wall, a light emitter, a light receiver and a blower. The guide wall has an opening. The light emitter emits light to a medium sheet through the opening. The light receiver detects an amount of light travelling from the medium sheet. The blower generates a wind pressure that presses the medium sheet against the guide wall when detecting the amount of light.

An optical media sensor includes a guide wall, a light emitter, a light receiver and a blower. The guide wall has an opening. The light emitter emits light to a medium sheet through the opening. The light receiver detects an amount of light travelling from the medium sheet. The blower generates a wind pressure that presses the medium sheet against the guide wall when detecting the amount of light.

Described herein is a method for simulating a visibility of a coating applied on a surface for a LiDAR sensor, which includes at least the following steps: applying the coating on the surface (301); measuring a respective reflection of light having an operating wavelength of the LiDAR sensor from the surface coated with the coating at a multiplicity of illumination and/or measurement angles (302); adapting a bidirectional reflectance distribution function for the coating as a function of the respective illumination and/or measurement angle to the respective measured reflections (303); simulating a propagation of the light emitted by the LiDAR sensor and reflected by the surface coated with the coating on the basis of the adapted bidirectional reflectance distribution function by means of a ray tracing application (304); outputting a brightness image.

Described herein is a method for simulating a visibility of a coating applied on a surface for a LiDAR sensor, which includes at least the following steps: applying the coating on the surface (301); measuring a respective reflection of light having an operating wavelength of the LiDAR sensor from the surface coated with the coating at a multiplicity of illumination and/or measurement angles (302); adapting a bidirectional reflectance distribution function for the coating as a function of the respective illumination and/or measurement angle to the respective measured reflections (303); simulating a propagation of the light emitted by the LiDAR sensor and reflected by the surface coated with the coating on the basis of the adapted bidirectional reflectance distribution function by means of a ray tracing application (304); outputting a brightness image.