An identification apparatus that identifies properties of a specimen conveyed at a predetermined conveying velocity by a conveying unit includes an identification unit configured to identify a material included in the specimen and acquire a length in a conveying direction of the specimen, and a command unit configured to generate a control signal for controlling a screening device to perform a screening operation with predetermined intensity corresponding to the length, wherein the command unit changes the intensity of the screening operation per the length according to the length.

An identification apparatus that identifies properties of a specimen conveyed at a predetermined conveying velocity by a conveying unit includes an identification unit configured to identify a material included in the specimen and acquire a length in a conveying direction of the specimen, and a command unit configured to generate a control signal for controlling a screening device to perform a screening operation with predetermined intensity corresponding to the length, wherein the command unit changes the intensity of the screening operation per the length according to the length.

A portable system is disclosed for collecting a sample from exhaled breath of a subject. Drug substance in the exhaled breath are detected or determined. The sample is collected for further analysis using mass-spectroscopy. The system comprises a sampling unit and a housing arranged to hold the sampling unit, the sampling unit is adapted to collect non-volatile and volatile compounds of the at least one drug substance from the exhaled breath from the subject. The housing has at least one inlet for the subject to exhale into the housing to the sampling unit and at least one outlet for the exhaled breath to exit through.

Natural and/or synthetic antibodies for specific proteins are adhered to nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are adhered to a substrate and the substrate is exposed to a sample that may contain the specific proteins. The substrates are then tested with surface enhanced Raman scattering techniques and/or localized surface plasmon resonance techniques to quantify the amount of the specific protein in the sample.

A method for evaluating and controlling roasting and degree (level) of roast in food items including but not limited to: coffee, cocoa, beans, nuts, grains and seeds, involves collecting spectra of the gases (including water vapor) emitted during roasting in the mid-infrared region using either mid-infrared source or visible light to include Raman scattering. The changes in the spectra, due to absorption by molecular vibrations in the gases emitted during roasting are evaluated in real time during roasting. These data may be processed in frequency or time domain. The spectra and change in spectra are correlated with a roasting profile to mark the inception of roasting, progress of roasting and maturity/achievement of degree of a roast. The information can be transmitted to the roaster or controller to monitor the roasting progress and can be used to adjust parameters as desired during roasting.

A method for evaluating and controlling roasting and degree (level) of roast in food items including but not limited to: coffee, cocoa, beans, nuts, grains and seeds, involves collecting spectra of the gases (including water vapor) emitted during roasting in the mid-infrared region using either mid-infrared source or visible light to include Raman scattering. The changes in the spectra, due to absorption by molecular vibrations in the gases emitted during roasting are evaluated in real time during roasting. These data may be processed in frequency or time domain. The spectra and change in spectra are correlated with a roasting profile to mark the inception of roasting, progress of roasting and maturity/achievement of degree of a roast. The information can be transmitted to the roaster or controller to monitor the roasting progress and can be used to adjust parameters as desired during roasting.

A liquid refining apparatus is disclosed. The liquid refining apparatus includes a substrate, a loader which is formed on the substrate and configured to receive a first liquid, a filter which is configured to reduce a concentration of at least one substance contained in the first liquid to obtain a second liquid with a reduced concentration of the at least one substance, a reactor which is configured to mix the second liquid with a reactant for target substance detection to obtain a third liquid containing, among a plurality of substances contained in the second liquid, a first substance which undergoes a predetermined reaction with the reactant and a second substance which does not undergo the predetermined reaction with the reactant, and a separator which is configured to separate the first substance and the second substance.

System for performing chemical spectroscopy on samples from the scale of nanometers to millimeters or more with a multifunctional platform combining analytical and imaging techniques including dual beam photo-thermal spectroscopy with confocal microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence detection, various vacuum analytical techniques and/or mass spectrometry. In embodiments described herein, the light beams of a dual-beam system are used for heating and sensing.

System for performing chemical spectroscopy on samples from the scale of nanometers to millimeters or more with a multifunctional platform combining analytical and imaging techniques including dual beam photo-thermal spectroscopy with confocal microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence detection, various vacuum analytical techniques and/or mass spectrometry. In embodiments described herein, the light beams of a dual-beam system are used for heating and sensing.

A Raman Testing System and Method is disclosed that uses chemical analysis to detect the chemical signature of the proteins and nucleic acids associated with pathogens coupled with machine learning to adjust to existing and potential variants of the pathogen.