Apparatuses, methods and storage medium associated with characterizing a fluid sample based on response of a non-planar structure are disclosed herein. In embodiments, an apparatus may include a non-planar structure having an exterior (e.g., a curved exterior) and a core having a content to change (e.g., by osmosis) responsive to application of the fluid sample to the non-planar structure. The apparatus may include one or more processors, devices, and/or circuitry to identify a value indicative of a characteristic of the fluid based on the measurement. Other embodiments may be disclosed or claimed.

The present invention relates to a sensor for determining the concentration of an acidic or basic compound dissolved in water, wherein the determination is based on an ingress of gas or vapor of said compound, causing a change in pH value, within an inner buffer separated from a sample side by a membrane that is permeable to gases and impermeable to ions, characterized in that a layer is provided between the membrane and the sample side, wherein the layer substantially covers the membrane, wherein the layer is water-soluble and has pH buffering properties. The present invention further relates to the use of a water-soluble layer having pH buffering properties for protecting a sensor for determining the concentration of an acidic or basic compound from ingress of an acidic or basic gas during non-use of the sensor.

Herein disclosed are biosensing systems that measure lactose concentration in a solution.

Described herein are apparatus and methods for detecting substances of abuse or other analytes in liquids. For example, the apparatus and methods described herein can be used for real-time detection of analytes, such as substances of abuse. The methods comprise providing a detection area comprising a chromatographic membrane capable of receiving the liquid and allowing for migration of the liquid, the chromatographic membrane comprising an anti-analyte antibody-particle conjugate, an analyte-conjugate protein at a test line; exposing at least the first location of the apparatus to the liquid; and determining whether an interaction between the analyte-conjugate protein and the liquid occurs to detect the presence of the analyte. The chromatographic membrane may further comprise an anti-species antibody at a control line. Specific buffers are disclosed, and these buffers may be used in the preparation of the apparatus to overcome challenges associated with miniaturization and challenges associated with exposure to beverages.

Described herein are a wearable apparatus and methods for detecting the presence of a targeted substance in a liquid. For example, the wearable apparatus can be a fingernail that detects illicit drugs in a beverage. The wearable apparatus comprises a detection layer comprising an indicator that is configured to display a signal upon the detection of an interaction with the targeted substance. In some examples, the wearable apparatus can include a lateral flow assay.

The present disclosure relates to a biosensor capable of measuring the total concentration of one or a plurality of ammonia or ammonium ions with the use of indophenol reagents in the presence of an ionomer. In some embodiments, the biosensor comprises a perflurinated membrane that comprises an ionomer in contact with an alkali buffer in a vessel configured to receive a sample, such as whole blood. The disclosure also relates to a method of detecting or quantifying the ammonia or ammonium ion concentration in whole blood in a point of care bio sensor without reliance on gas chromatography or any measurement that takes more than about twenty minutes.

A package damage inspection device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include: a sensor recognizing internal environmental change information of a sealed container; an identification element including an identification code of the sealed container; a recognizing unit recognizing the identification code included in the identification element to recognize identification information of the sealed container; and a determining unit comparing the internal environmental change information recognized by the sensor and reference change information with each other to determine whether or not the sealed container is maintained in a sealed state.

An optical sensor for monitoring an environmental condition, the optical sensor comprising a perfluorosulfonate ionomer membrane comprising a solution, wherein the solution comprises a transition metal-free dye component, wherein exposure of the optical sensor to a specific environmental condition produces a color shift on the optical sensor.

A device for determining at least one condition parameter relating to a concentration or a partial pressure of an analyte in a gaseous medium, the device including at least one light source configured to emit light; at least one light receiver configured to detect the light; at least one optical sensor unit, and at least one temperature measuring device configured to measure a temperature of the optical sensor unit at least indirectly, wherein at least the light source, the light receiver and the temperature measuring device are arranged within a housing and at least the sensor unit is arranged outside of the housing, wherein at least one optical property of the sensor unit is a function of the condition parameter of the analyte, wherein light rays emitted by the sensor unit due to the sensor unit being irradiated by the light source are detectable by the light receiver.

Described herein are apparatus and methods for detecting substances of abuse or other analytes in liquids. For example, the apparatus and methods described herein can be used for real-time detection of analytes, such as substances of abuse. The methods comprise providing a detection area comprising a chromatographic membrane capable of receiving the liquid and allowing for migration of the liquid, the chromatographic membrane comprising an anti-analyte antibody-particle conjugate, an analyte-conjugate protein at a test line; exposing at least the first location of the apparatus to the liquid; and determining whether an interaction between the analyte-conjugate protein and the liquid occurs to detect the presence of the analyte. The chromatographic membrane may further comprise an anti-species antibody at a control line. Specific buffers are disclosed, and these buffers may be used in the preparation of the apparatus to overcome challenges associated with miniaturization and challenges associated with exposure to beverages.