A method for detecting and controlling the amount of cationic species in a water stream in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure is carried out by adding a solution containing a pre-determined quantity of a fluorescent tracer to the sample of water stream to obtain a solution comprising a complex. The fluorescence emission spectra of the solution is measured for detecting the presence or absence of the cationic species based on the attenuation and shift of the emission peak in the range of 640 nm to 655 nm.

The present invention concerns a method of optical measurement of an aqueous stream, and of processing the results of the measurement in order to determine the anionic charge of the stream, the method being carried out by measuring the light absorption of the stream and predicting the amount of anionic groups in the stream using a mathematical processing, such as mathematical calculations. Particularly, the method includes the steps of adding an amount of a cationic dye to the aqueous stream, measuring the light absorption spectra of the obtained dye-containing stream, and processing the obtained light absorption spectrum using said mathematical processing in order to obtain the anionic charge. The invention also concerns the use of the obtained spectrum in determining the turbidity of the stream, as well as a device suitable for use in carrying out the method.

The present disclosure relates to apparatus, systems, compositions, and methods for analyzing a sample containing particles. A particle imaging system or analyzer can include a flowcell through which a urine sample containing particles is caused to flow, and a high optical resolution imaging device which captures images for image analysis. A contrast pattern for autofocusing is provided on the flowcell. The image processor assesses focus accuracy from pixel data contrast. A positioning motor moves the microscope and/or flowcell along the optical axis for autofocusing on the contrast pattern target. The processor then displaces microscope and flowcell by a known distance between the contrast pattern and the sample stream, thus focusing on the sample stream. Cell or particle images are collected from that position until autofocus is reinitiated, periodically, by input signal, or when detecting temperature changes or focus inaccuracy in the image data.

Near-field spray characteristics are established from local measurements which are acquired by data acquisition sub-system capable of complete scanning of the area (volume) of interest in the spray which uses different laser-based probes (shadowgraphy, PIV, diffraction) to obtain drops related measurements. A mechanical patternator measures volume flux distribution of the spray under study. The measurement data are post-processed to obtain spatially-resolved spray characteristics which are mapped in a spherical coordinate system consistent with the kinematics of the spray. A data compression scheme is used to generate compact analytical functions describing the nozzle spray based on the measurement data. These analytical functions may be useful for initiating the nozzle spray in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based spray dispersion and fire suppression modeling.

A measuring device can be used under high pressure and can measure impurity particles contained in a hydraulic oil with high accuracy. A flow path hole opening on two facing surfaces of a housing has flat side surfaces. A cavity opens on the side surface, and a cavity opens on the side surface. Light emitted from a light irradiating section irradiates a hydraulic oil flowing in the flow path hole, via a cell disposed in the cavity in a direction substantially orthogonal to a center axis. Light passing through the hydraulic oil is received by a light receiving section via a cell disposed in the cavity opening on the side surface.

Provided in one example is an apparatus, including a substrate supporting a microfluidic channel, a bubble jet inertial pump supported by the substrate adjacent the microfluidic channel to pump fluid through the microfluidic channel and an optical sensor on a first side of the microfluidic channel. A light emitter on a second side of the microfluidic channel is to pass light across the microfluidic channel to the optical sensor.

A flow cell system for an optical fluid analysis comprises a disposable flow cell having at least one flow chamber comprising a fluid pathway, and at least one pair of opposed light transmitting windows along the fluid pathway, an external flow cell holder for holding the flow cell, at least one light source, and an external detection device couplable with at least one of the flow cell holder and the flow cell for bringing the external detection device in optical communication with the flow cell, the device having at least one optical detection unit. The external detection device is configured to conduct optical measurements of the fluid that flows in the flow cell through at least one pair of windows from externally under illumination by the at least one light source.

Bioburden analysis devices and related systems and methods are disclosed which utilize ultraviolet (UV) irradiation to enhance accuracy of results. A light source producing UV light is positioned along a passageway for a fluid flow upstream of a laser subsystem. The laser subsystem includes a laser which excites particulate within the fluid and a photo detector which measures fluorescence of the particulate within the fluid. By exposing the particulate to UV light prior to laser excitement, signal to noise ratio is increased, providing more accurate results.

The present disclosure relates to apparatus, systems, compositions, and methods for analyzing a sample containing particles. A particle imaging system or analyzer can include a flowcell through which a urine sample containing particles is caused to flow, and a high optical resolution imaging device which captures images for image analysis. A contrast pattern for autofocusing is provided on the flowcell. The image processor assesses focus accuracy from pixel data contrast. A positioning motor moves the microscope and/or flowcell along the optical axis for autofocusing on the contrast pattern target. The processor then displaces microscope and flowcell by a known distance between the contrast pattern and the sample stream, thus focusing on the sample stream. Cell or particle images are collected from that position until autofocus is reinitiated, periodically, by input signal, or when detecting temperature changes or focus inaccuracy in the image data.

A presentation module is provided for presenting a fluid sample to a Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) analysis. The presentation module comprises an inlet for admitting a fluid sample flow from a process flow, a measurement opening for co-operating with measurement optics, and a stabilizer surface facing towards the measurement opening. The stabilizer surface is adapted to form a stabilized sample flow along the stabilizer surface such that the depth and the outer surface of the sample flow are stabilized, and the surface fluctuation and depth variation of the stabilized sample slurry flow are reduced. As laser pulses are focused on the outer surface of the planar sample flow to transform at least a part of the sample into a state of a plasma, the accuracy and repeatability of the LIBS measurement are significantly improved due to the stabilized sample flow.