The present disclosure provides systems and methods for monitoring an environment of a front opening universal pod (FOUP). The systems and methods may include one or more environmental sensors disposed within the FOUP, configured to measure environmental parameters of the environment of the FOUP and a FOUP configured to hold one or more wafers. The systems and methods may also include a wireless transmitter in communication with the environmental sensor, which may be disposed within the FOUP and configured to transmit the measured environmental parameters from the environmental sensor.

A compact, pressure conserving, steam quality and flow rate measurement system is described. Embodiments of the system can include a steam quality measuring device having a converging/diverging nozzle and a conditioning orifice plate. The steam quality measuring device can be adapted to measure flow conditions of a two-phase steam to determine steam quality. The converging/diverging nozzle can be implemented to reduce pressure loss and control flow rate. The conditioning orifice plate can be implemented to reduce flow conditioning pipe lengths and eliminate secondary flow conditioning elements. By placing the two flow elements in series, data from the flow elements can allow for a simultaneous solution of flow equations yielding a measurement for steam quality.

A compact, pressure conserving, steam quality and flow rate measurement system is described. Embodiments of the system can include a steam quality measuring device having a converging/diverging nozzle and a conditioning orifice plate. The steam quality measuring device can be adapted to measure flow conditions of a two-phase steam to determine steam quality. The converging/diverging nozzle can be implemented to reduce pressure loss and control flow rate. The conditioning orifice plate can be implemented to reduce flow conditioning pipe lengths and eliminate secondary flow conditioning elements. By placing the two flow elements in series, data from the flow elements can allow for a simultaneous solution of flow equations yielding a measurement for steam quality.

The invention relates to a down-hole device for measuring steam flow and quality in a well, said device comprising an elongate tube-like housing, a power supply, a spinner arranged at the down-hole end of the housing, two pressure sensors arranged at a distance h to each other at the periphery of the housing, and data storage means.

A compact, pressure conserving, steam quality and flow rate measurement system is described. Embodiments of the system can include a steam quality measuring device having a converging/diverging nozzle and a conditioning orifice plate. The steam quality measuring device can be adapted to measure flow conditions of a two-phase steam to determine steam quality. The converging/diverging nozzle can be implemented to reduce pressure loss and control flow rate. The conditioning orifice plate can be implemented to reduce flow conditioning pipe lengths and eliminate secondary flow conditioning elements. By placing the two flow elements in series, data from the flow elements can allow for a simultaneous solution of flow equations yielding a measurement for steam quality.

A compact, pressure conserving, steam quality and flow rate measurement system is described. Embodiments of the system can include a steam quality measuring device having a converging/diverging nozzle and a conditioning orifice plate. The steam quality measuring device can be adapted to measure flow conditions of a two-phase steam to determine steam quality. The converging/diverging nozzle can be implemented to reduce pressure loss and control flow rate. The conditioning orifice plate can be implemented to reduce flow conditioning pipe lengths and eliminate secondary flow conditioning elements. By placing the two flow elements in series, data from the flow elements can allow for a simultaneous solution of flow equations yielding a measurement for steam quality.

A method and system for determining steam sterilant quality of a steam sterilizer where the steam sterilant comprises non-condensable gas(es).

A method and system for determining steam sterilant quality of a steam sterilizer where the steam sterilant comprises non-condensable gas(es).

Several embodiments include a method of computing void fraction in a two-phase mixture in a pipe. A driver and a transmitter antenna can transmit a radio frequency (RF) signal through the pipe. The pipe can convey the two-phase mixture extracted from a geothermal well. The RF signal can pass through the two-phase mixture. A receiver antenna in the pipe can receive the RF signal. A receiver circuit can measure signal strength attenuations of the RF signal at the receiver antenna over a time window. A computation engine can compute an average of the signal strength attenuations over the time window. The computation engine or another computing device can then compute, in real-time, a change in a void fraction of the two-phase mixture based on the average of the signal strength attenuations.

Sterilant challenge device for use in steam sterilizers are described, including devices suitable for determining the efficacy of the non-condensable gas removal stage of a sterilization cycle and/or the quality of steam sterilant in relation to its content of non-condensable gas(es) are disclosed. Sterilant challenge devices having a metal tube having a defining a free space which is open at one end for the entry of sterilant and closed at the other end and at least one thermal load located around the tube are also described.