A method and system for estimating parameters of pipes. The method may comprise disposing an electromagnetic (EM) logging tool into a pipe string, creating a log from a first set of one or more measurements, and creating a synthetic model of one or more nested pipes based at least in part on a well plan. The method may further comprise adding a modeled pipe to the synthetic model, estimating one or more parameters of the modeled pipe through model calibration to form a calibrated model, and performing an inversion with the calibrated model to estimate one or more pipe parameters of the pipe string. The system may comprise an electromagnetic logging tool that may comprise a transmitter, wherein the transmitter is a first coil and is operable to transmit an electromagnetic field, and a receiver, wherein the receiver is a second coil and is operable to measure the electromagnetic field.

Some variations provide a system for sensing a chemical active in a coating, the system comprising: a coating disposed on a substrate; a chemical active contained within the coating, wherein the chemical active is mobile within the coating, and wherein the chemical active is ionically and/or electrically conductive; a first electrode and a second electrode configured to measure AC impedance within the coating; and an electrical meter configured in electrical communication with the first and second electrodes to read a signal corresponding to the AC impedance. Some methods comprise: pressing electrodes against the coating; reading out an impedance value; and converting the impedance value to a concentration of the chemical active in the coating. Other methods comprise: adding a solvent to a coating surface; pressing electrodes against a surface region; reading out an impedance value; and converting the impedance value to a concentration of the chemical active in the coating.

The present disclosure relates to a concept for checking at least one solder joint between a printed circuit board and a current sensor, including: measuring, by means of the current sensor, an electric current through the solder joint; measuring at least one temperature of the current sensor as a function of the electric current; and ascertaining a quality of the solder joint based on the temperature and the electric current.

A hydrogen permeability testing device can measure hydrogen amount(s) entering a metal material by electrochemical hydrogen permeation. The device may include: a metal specimen having a hydrogen entry face through which hydrogen enters, a hydrogen detection face on which the entered hydrogen is detected, and a metal plating formed on the hydrogen detection face to detect the entered hydrogen; a reference and counter electrode for making an electrochemical reaction progress; an electrolytic vessel provided on a hydrogen detection face side, housing the reference and counter electrode, and containing an aqueous sodium silicate solution having a freezing point of ≤0° C. and capable of suppressing residual current to ≤10 nA/cm.sup.2 when an electric potential of the hydrogen detection face is −1 to 1 V relative to the reference electrode; and a measurement unit which measures the amount of hydrogen based on a current value resulting from the electrochemical reaction.

The present invention provides an apparatus for inspecting a welding state in a welded portion for an electronic or mechanical coupling in a lithium secondary battery, the apparatus including: a measuring unit configured to obtain data for deriving a resistance value of the welded portion by allowing a resistance measuring probe to contact the welded portion; and a controller configured to communicate with the measuring unit, determine the resistance value of the welded portion by receiving the data obtained from the measuring unit, and determine whether a weak welding was performed by comparing the determined resistance value with a threshold resistance value, in which the measuring unit is configured to allow the resistance measuring probe to contact one end and the other end of the welded portion.

To measure the resistance area product of a high resistivity layer using a microscopic multi point probe, the high resistivity layer is sandwiched between two conducting layers. A plurality of electrode configurations/positions is used to perform three voltage or resistance measurements. An equivalent electric circuit model/three layer model is used to determine the resistance area product as a function of the three measurements.

A system includes a slurry pipe and a pipe liner disposed within an inner diameter of the slurry pipe. At least one redundant transducer wear ladder sensor is disposed within the pipe liner. A computer controller is operatively coupled to the at least one redundant transducer wear ladder sensor via a flexible ribbon cable. A radio-wave transmitter is operatively coupled to the computer controller. A radio-wave receiver is operatively coupled to the computer controller. A power source is operatively coupled to the radio-wave transmitter and to the radio-wave receiver.

Systems and methods are disclosed for detecting a crack in an automotive windshield and alerting a user of the same. This can allow the user to repair the crack before the user might otherwise detect the crack by his/her own visual inspection. The windshield can be provided with emitters configured to emit signals (e.g., sound, light, etc.) and corresponding detectors configured to detect the emitted signals. Signal profiles or signatures can be stored that represent normal measurements when there is no crack. Upon detecting a signal signature that deviates from the stored normal signal signatures, the system can notify the user of a potential crack in the windshield. The system can also determine the location of the crack based upon which of the detectors detect a change in the detected signal.

A method is for determining a status of a track section of a railroad. Each end of the track section is connected to a respective detector. One of the two detectors transmits a current along the rails of the track section towards the other detector and receives a current transmitted along the rails of the track section from the other detector. The track section is further equipped with a computer in communication with the two detectors. The computer calculates an instant value of the status of the track section as a function of an instant vector based on a measure of an intensity of the current transmitted by a first of the detectors as measured by the first detector (Txl1), a measure of an intensity of the current received by the first detector as measured by the first detector (Rxl1) and a measure of an intensity of the current transmitted by the second detector as measured by the second detector (Txl2).

A method and system are for estimating forces in rails of a railway line which are due to the temperatures of the rails. Values of the electrical resistance of one rail of a railway track section are calculated. Based on the calculated values of the electrical resistance for the rail, corresponding values of the temperature of the rail can be estimated, and based on the estimated values of the temperature of the rail, estimated values of forces acting in the rail due to the temperature values can be estimated.