A sensor system includes a sensing element that includes a sensing material and electrodes configured to apply a first electrical stimuli to the sensing material at an electrical excitation frequency, a modifier assembly including one or more circuits configured to change an electrical impedance of the sensing element, and one or more processors configured to control the modifier assembly. Responsive to exposure of gas to the sensing element, the one or more processors change a linearity of a first electrical signal received from the sensing element by changing the electrical impedance of the sensing element and applying a second electrical stimuli to the sensing material at the electrical excitation frequency.

A sensor system includes a sensing element that includes a sensing material and electrodes configured to apply a first electrical stimuli to the sensing material at an electrical excitation frequency, a modifier assembly including one or more circuits configured to change an electrical impedance of the sensing element, and one or more processors configured to control the modifier assembly. Responsive to exposure of gas to the sensing element, the one or more processors change a linearity of a first electrical signal received from the sensing element by changing the electrical impedance of the sensing element and applying a second electrical stimuli to the sensing material at the electrical excitation frequency.

A gas sensing assembly includes a sensing material to be placed in contact with a fluid sample, electrodes coupled with the sensing material that apply an electric field to the sensing material across the electrodes, a heating element that controls a temperature of the sensing material while the sensing material is in contact with the fluid sample, and sensing circuitry to control application of the electric field to the sensing material via the electrodes at an alternating current frequency range in the presence of an uncontrolled ambient temperature and at an elevated alternating current frequency range. The sensing circuitry measures one or more electrical responses of the sensing material responsive to applying the electric field at the alternating current frequency range and at the elevated alternating current frequency range. The sensing circuitry detects presence of a gas in the fluid sample based on the one or more electrical responses.

A gas sensing assembly includes a sensing material to be placed in contact with a fluid sample, electrodes coupled with the sensing material that apply an electric field to the sensing material across the electrodes, a heating element that controls a temperature of the sensing material while the sensing material is in contact with the fluid sample, and sensing circuitry to control application of the electric field to the sensing material via the electrodes at an alternating current frequency range in the presence of an uncontrolled ambient temperature and at an elevated alternating current frequency range. The sensing circuitry measures one or more electrical responses of the sensing material responsive to applying the electric field at the alternating current frequency range and at the elevated alternating current frequency range. The sensing circuitry detects presence of a gas in the fluid sample based on the one or more electrical responses.

A hydrogen sensor includes: a first electrode which is planar; a second electrode which is planar, faces the first electrode, and includes an exposed portion; a metal oxide layer which is sandwiched between a surface of the first electrode and a surface of the second electrode, and has a resistance that changes due to hydrogen; and two terminals, i.e., a first terminal and a second terminal, that are connected to the second electrode.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to apparatus, systems, and methods for detection and differentiation of selected hydrocarbon gases in a target gas composition. The apparatus comprises a sensing unit; a housing comprising a first housing portion and a second housing portion, the first housing portion for receiving a linear actuator, the linear actuator operatively coupleable to the sensing unit proximal to the inlet, and the second housing portion for receiving at least a portion of the inlet end of the sensing unit and comprising at least one chamber and a closure member housed within the second housing portion and adjacent the inlet, the closure member actuatable between a closed state and an open state by the linear actuator; wherein the at least one chamber is in fluid communication with the inlet when the closure member is in the open state.

A liquid detection sensor includes a first electrode, an insulating layer and a second electrode. The insulating layer is located on the first electrode. The second electrode is located on the insulating layer. A surface of the second electrode is provided with a first hole passing through each of the second electrode and the insulating layer. The first electrode and the second electrode are configured to be rendered conductive through liquid collected in the first hole. Accordingly, the liquid detection sensor and a liquid detector are provided that can reduce malfunctions.

A liquid detection sensor includes a first electrode, an insulating layer and a second electrode. The insulating layer is located on the first electrode. The second electrode is located on the insulating layer. A surface of the second electrode is provided with a first hole passing through each of the second electrode and the insulating layer. The first electrode and the second electrode are configured to be rendered conductive through liquid collected in the first hole. Accordingly, the liquid detection sensor and a liquid detector are provided that can reduce malfunctions.

According to one embodiment, a sensor includes a first sensor part. The first sensor part includes an insulating member, and first and second element parts. The first element part includes a first resistance element including first and first other resistance end portions, and covered with the insulating member, a first electrode electrically connected to the first resistance end portion, and not covered with the insulating member, and a first other electrode electrically connected to the first other resistance end portion, and not covered with the insulating member. The second element part includes a second resistance element including and second other resistance end portions, and covered with the insulating member, a second electrode electrically connected to the second resistance end portion, and not covered with the insulating member, and a second other electrode electrically connected to the second other resistance end portion, and not covered with the insulating member.

A downhole packer system includes a swellable material configured to expand to seal against a wellbore wall in response to exposure to downhole fluids. The downhole packer system also includes at least one sensor disposed proximate the swellable material. The at least one sensor is configured to measure one or more electrical properties of the swellable material to determine a degree of expansion of the swellable material.