Methods and systems are provided for clay detection, clay typing, and clay volume quantification using electromagnetic measurements on a porous media sample at a low frequency less than 5000 Hz. The electromagnetic measurements are used to determine and store permittivity data that characterizes permittivity of the porous media sample at the low frequency less than 5000 Hz. The low frequency electromagnetic measurements can be performed in a laboratory, at a wellsite or other surface location. The low frequency electromagnetic measurements are nondestructive, and the results indicate that the methods and systems are highly sensitive to the existence of clays.

A data acquisition system for dielectric analysis measurements, including a sensor interface configured to connect to one or more sensors located within an active machining zone of an industrial manufacturing machine, a module processor coupled to the sensor interface and configured to receive measurement values from one or more sensors connected to the sensor interface, a cloud interface coupled to the module processor, and a machine interface coupled to the module processor. The measurement values indicate physical properties of workpieces processed in the active machining zone of an industrial manufacturing machine. The cloud interface is configured to connect to cloud-based resources, and the machine interface is configured to connect to a controller of the industrial manufacturing machine. The module processor is configured to transmit the received measurement values from the one or more dielectric sensors to cloud-based resources via the cloud interface and to transmit manufacturing control signals to the controller of the industrial manufacturing machine via the machine interface, the manufacturing control signals being based on parameters received from cloud-based resources via the cloud interface.

The present invention provides a connector for use in a beverage dispense system, the connector defining a conduit for connecting a beverage line to a beverage supply. The connector comprises an electrical sensor (e.g. a capacitive sensor) for measuring an electrical parameter of a beverage within the connector conduit. The electrical parameter and/or changes in the electrical parameter can be used to detect bubbles in the beverage and/or identify the type/brand of beverage.

Apparatus (200) for detecting corrosion of a coating (250) of an object (216), the apparatus comprising: an electrically conductive body (202) defining a cavity (204) for containing an electrolyte (206), the body (202) arranged to be, in use, in electrically conductive contact with the object (216) and arranged to isolate, in use, the electrolyte (206) from the object; and a first electrode (208) within the cavity (204), the first electrode (208) for electrical connection to a potentiostat (402) or to a galvanostat and arranged to be, in use, in electrical contact with the electrolyte (206) in the cavity (204); wherein the body (202) comprises a first part (222) and a second part (224), the second part (224) being slidably movable relative to the first part (222) between a retracted position and an extended position.

A capacitance probe for determining the water cut or the amount of water in fluids. The probe includes at least a pair of electrodes. Each electrode includes a thin, pliable and conductive winding. The windings have a thin insulation layer or coating. The first electrode and the second electrode are configured to form a capacitance sensor that generates a signal related to the dielectric permittivity of a fluid flowing between the first electrode and the second electrode.

A method for detecting a moisture damage on an asphalt pavement based on adaptive selection of a penetrating radar (GPR) image grayscale includes the following steps: step 1: obtaining a moisture damage GPR image dataset through asphalt pavement investigation by using a ground GPR, where a GPR image with an appropriate plot scale is selected according to an adaptive GPR image selection method; step 2: adjusting image resolution, specifically, scaling a resolution of an initial GPR image dataset of a damage directly to 224×224 to obtain a BD dataset; step 3: inputting the dataset into a recognition model, specifically, inputting the BD dataset obtained in step 2 into the recognition model, performing operation by the recognition model, and performing step 4; and step 4: outputting a moisture damage result. The new method truly realizes automatic and intelligent target detection based on the GPR.

Methods and apparatus for determining the water cut or the amount of water in fluids. The apparatus is inserted into a production logging tool that is lowered into the well. The apparatus includes a conductive winding which is configured as a first electrode. The winding includes a thin insulation coating or layer. The body of the tool is configured as a ground electrode. The primary electrode and the ground electrode are configured to form a capacitance sensor that generates a signal related to the dielectric permittivity of a fluid flowing between the primary electrode and the ground electrode.

A method for detecting particles in a liquid includes following operations. A detection device is provided. A chemical liquid is provided to flow through the detection device. A capacitance of the detection device is measured during the flowing of the chemical liquid. A dielectric constant of the chemical liquid is calculated according to the capacitance of the detection device. When the dielectric constant of the chemical liquid is between an upper limit and a lower limit, the chemical liquid is determined to be normal.

A material property sensor for a pressure transmitter comprises a sensing pattern immersed in a fill fluid. The pressure transmitter comprises a diaphragm configured for contact with a process fluid at an exterior surface of the diaphragm. The pressure transmitter further comprises a pressure sensor configured for sensing a pressure of the process fluid on the diaphragm. The pressure sensor and the diaphragm define a cavity within which the fill fluid is disposed such that the diaphragm of the pressure sensor is in contact with the fill fluid at an interior surface of the diaphragm. The sensing pattern is immersed in the fill fluid within the cavity and configured to measure an electrical property of the fill fluid at an initial time and at one or more subsequent times during operation of the pressure transmitter.

A pathogen transport modelled biomimetic sensor includes a stack of capacitive electrodes with a plurality of gaps therebetween. The gaps and electrodes are structured and arranged to model an outer layer and one or more sublayers of fresh food of interest. The electrodes are arranged to provide multiple measurable impedances that are affected in response to cell or polymeric biofilm presence that affects the electrostatic field around and between the electrodes and consequently changes the measurable impedances.