An inductive-capacitive resonant sensor architecture includes an inductively-coupled extender (ICE) that can both increase read range and lessen the effects of reader/sensor misalignment. The ICE can include a first coil configured with respect to a resonant sensor and a second coil separated from the first coil and coupled to the first coil by electrical wires. An external reader can be arranged with respect to the second coil. This architecture can nearly eliminate misalignment issues between the external reader and the resonant sensor. The ICE can be implemented with a closed circuit design. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.

Described example user interface control apparatus includes a first structure, with a first side, conductive capacitor plate structures spaced along a first direction on the first side, a movable second structure with an auxiliary conductive structure, and an interface circuit to provide excitation signals to, and receive sense signals from, the conductive capacitor plate structures to perform a mutual capacitance test and a self-capacitance test of individual ones of the conductive capacitor plate structures to determine a position of the second structure or a user's finger relative to the first structure along the first direction.

A sensing device includes at least one particle sensor that responds to sensed subatomic particles. At least one drive-sense circuit is coupled to the particle sensor, wherein the at least one drive-sense circuit includes: a first conversion circuit configured to convert a receive signal component of a sensor signal corresponding to the at least one particle sensor into the sensed signal, wherein the sensed signal indicates a change in an electrical characteristic associated with the at least one particle sensor; and a second conversion circuit configured to generate, based on the sensed signal, a drive signal component of the sensor signal corresponding to the at least one particle sensor.

Disclosed are a soil monitoring sensor and a method of operating the same. The soil monitoring sensor includes a first probe formed to extend in a first direction, and including a first electrode and a second electrode; a first resonance circuit connected to the first electrode and the second electrode of the first probe, and configured such that a first AC signal is applied thereto; a second resonance circuit having the same impedance as the first resonance circuit, and configured such that a second AC signal is applied thereto; and a determination circuit configured to receive a first electrical signal formed in the first resonance circuit, to receive a second electrical signal formed in the second resonance circuit, and to generate a first determination value for the state of the soil based on the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency.

The present invention discloses a measuring method for a semiconductor gas sensor based on alternating-current impedance. The method includes the steps: connecting the semiconductor gas sensor to a capacitor in parallel, connecting an alternating-current impedance measuring device to the semiconductor gas sensor and the capacitor, combining measuring parameters under measuring frequencies within a first preset range and parallel capacitance values within a second preset range, and measuring a gas with a known concentration according to each of nine features under each combination; traversing all parameter combinations and all the nine features to obtain a plurality of feature values corresponding to the same gas concentration under each feature; and selecting measuring frequencies within a third range, parallel capacitance values within a fourth range and a certain or several of the corresponding features as measuring parameters finally selected for measuring an unknown gas concentration.

There is provided an impedance sensor capable of counting the number of microscopic biological materials and specifying their properties stably with high sensitivity. An impedance sensor includes a measuring electrode pair formed at a wiring layer in a multilayer-wiring circuit board and one or more dielectrophoresis electrodes formed at another wiring layer lower than the wiring layer.

Methods for determining an electrical conductivity of an operating liquid in an operating liquid container for a motor vehicle. The operating liquid container includes at least one capacitor which is fastened to a container wall of the operating liquid container and has a first electrode and a second electrode opposite said first electrode. A first method determines the electrical conductivity of the operating liquid by means of a frequency-dependent phase progression of the impedance of the at least one capacitor. Another method determines the electrical conductivity of the operating liquid by means of a frequency-dependent capacitance profile of the at least one capacitor. An operating liquid container which is designed for carrying out the methods.

The present disclosure describes a personal vaporizer which can detect whether or not a cartridge of the personal vaporizer has been breached. The cartridge includes a conductive shell. The conductive shell can include two or more conductors which are electrically isolated from each-other. Prior to operation, the personal vaporizer can use the two or more conductors to assess whether or not an outer shell of the cartridge has been breached. In some implementations, if it is determined that the cartridge has been breached, the personal vaporizer can shut down, or otherwise fail to operate normally.

Disclosed is a sensor patch and a method for manufacturing a sensor patch for attachment to an adhesive surface of a base plate for an ostomy appliance. The sensor patch having a first side and a second side. The sensor patch being adapted to form a stomal opening with a centre point, the stomal opening being configured to allow passage of output through the stomal opening and into an ostomy pouch attached to a base plate. The sensor patch comprises: a sensor assembly comprising a plurality of electrodes, a first adhesive sensor layer forming the first side of the sensor patch, and a second adhesive sensor layer forming the second side of the sensor patch.

A fluid property sensing array includes a first sensor including a first electrode assembly and a first sensing layer at least partially coating the first electrode assembly, the first sensor having a first response to a property of the fluid; and a second sensor including a second electrode assembly and a second sensing layer at least partially coating the second electrode assembly, the second sensor having a second response to the property of the fluid. The array can include a third sensor including a third electrode assembly and a third sensing layer at least partially coating the third electrode assembly, the third sensor having a third response to the property of the fluid. The first sensing layer, the second sensing layer, and the third sensing layer can be compositionally different, such that the first response, the second response, and the third response to the property of the fluid are different.