Systems and methods are provided for obtaining raw mass spectrometry data from samples, determining true signals from the raw mass spectrometry data, determining intensities corresponding to the true signals, adjusting the determined intensities, and based on the adjusted intensities, determining concentrations of one or more constituents corresponding to the true signals.

Systems and methods for measuring turbulent gas flux using high-speed vertical wind speed measurements (e.g., on the order of 5-10 Hz or more frequently) and low-speed gas content measurements (e.g., on the order of 5 Hz or less frequently), without the need for the sophisticated and expensive high-speed hardware to separate gas samples (e.g., into accumulation bags) according to updrafts and downdrafts. A time series of high-speed vertical wind speed data is used as a guide to distinguish between updrafts and downdrafts. When vertical wind speed is upward (updraft), the low-speed gas content is recorded into a data structure in one location, or marked with one flag. When vertical wind speed is downward (downdraft), the low-speed gas content is recorded into a different location, or marked with a different flag. Eddy Accumulation or Relaxed Eddy Accumulation computations can be performed using the stored gas content data to determine gas flux.

A method for monitoring, evaluating and controlling a cyclic chromatographic purification process that involves at least two adsorbers. According to the method, one step is monitoring of the chromatogram, including the measurement of at least one current concentration-proportional signal in the liquid. Another step is conducting an evaluation of the chromatogram, including a comparison of at least one of the current concentration-proportional signals measured in the monitoring step with a threshold value thereof. A further step is controlling the chromatographic purification process by adapting the termination of the currently running phase as a function of the comparison of the evaluation step and initiating the next phase. Finally, according to the method, the sequence of steps is carried out in given order at least twice.

The present invention relates to improvements in female health monitoring and treatment wherein menstrual blood samples are analyzed for biomarkers of interests to monitor the health status and treatment of a female patient.

An edible composition, an aerosol composition, a flavor composition, a fragrance composition, or an inhalable composition includes an organosulfur compound such as prenyl mercaptan, 2-methylthiophene, 3-methylthiophene, dimethyl disulfide, diprenyl disulfide, 3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl thiolacetate, 3-methyl-1-[(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)sulfanyl]-2-butene, prenylmethylthiol (1-(methylsulfanyl)-3-methyl-2-butene), prenyl thioacetate, thiogeraniol, dimethyl sulfide, or a combination of any two or more thereof, and a primary terpene compound selected from the group consisting of myrcene, β-caryophyllene, limonene, α-pinene, β-pinene, valencene, ocimene, terpinolene, or a combination of any two or more thereof.

Provided herein are methods of preparing a protein sample for proteomic analysis. In exemplary embodiments, the method comprises (a) contacting a blood sample comprising proteins with a protective agent comprising an anticoagulant (AC) and an aldehyde releaser (AR), to obtain a mixture, optionally, wherein the blood sample is added to a blood collection tube (BCT) comprising the protective agent, and (b) isolating a fraction comprising proteins or a source of proteins from the mixture to yield a protein sample or a source of a protein sample, wherein steps of the method are carried out in the absence of exogenous proteolytic enzyme inhibitors, wherein the protein sample is suitable for proteomic analysis. Preferably, the protective agent consists of essentially (i) about 300 g/l to about 700 g/l imidazolidinyl urea; (ii) about 20 g/l to about 60 g/l glycine; and (iii) about 60 g/l to about 100 g/l EDTA; and the protein sample is analysed via mass spectrometry-based proteomic methods.

The present application discloses method and sewer (111) for detecting faults associated with a gas chromatograph device (100) in a process plant. The gas chromatograph device (100) is associated with a database (110) configured to store a measured chromatogram, and historic chromatograms. Initially, the server receives the measured chromatogram from the database. Upon receiving the measured chromatogram, the server is configured to detect at least one real-time symptom for measured chromatogram. The real-time symptoms may be detected by comparing the historic chromatograms with predetermined configuration data to the measured chromatogram. Upon detecting the real-time symptoms, the server is configured to determine faults associated with the gas chromatograph device. The faults are determined by mapping the real-time symptoms and fault signature data received from the database. The fault signature data is generated using machine learning model trained by providing the faults and the historic gas chromatogram.

Improved methods and kits are provided for non-invasively evaluating liver function of a patient including rapidly and efficiently processing, detecting, and quantifying distinguishable compounds from patient blood or serum samples. A method is provided for estimating risk of experiencing a clinical event in 1 year for an individual patient having a chronic liver disease. Methods for determining hepatic reserve in a subject are provided.

A peak-waveform conversion processor detects a peak in a profile spectrum created based on data obtained at each measurement point in a sample's measurement area, and acquires a rod-like peak by performing centroid conversion processing on a waveform of the peak having a mountain shape. When an operator specifies a target compound to be observed, a mass difference calculation unit calculates a mass difference between a precise m/z of the target compound and an m/z of a rod-like peak at a position close to the precise m/z for each measurement point. A mass difference image creator creates an image showing a distribution of mass differences based on the calculated mass differences. A mass difference related information calculation unit acquires an index value such as an average value of a plurality of mass differences for each mass difference image, and creates a graph showing a frequency distribution of the mass differences.

A peak-waveform conversion processor detects a peak in a profile spectrum created based on data obtained in each micro area in a measurement area, and acquires a rod-like peak by performing centroid conversion processing on a waveform of the peak in a mountain shape. When receiving a precise m/z value Ma of a target compound and an allowable range ΔM of m/z, an image creator determines whether or not there is a rod-like peak in a range defined by “Ma±ΔM”, for each micro area. When there is a rod-like peak, a height value of the rod-like peak is defined as the signal intensity value of the target compound in the micro area. In contrast, when there is no rod-like peak in the range defined by “Ma±ΔM”, the signal intensity value of the target compound in the micro area is set to zero.