A biosensing device, as well as methods of forming a biosensing device and detecting presence of a biofilm are disclosed. The biosensing device may include a substrate, at least one radiation source on the substrate, at least one radiation detector on the substrate, and at least one reflector arranged on the substrate such that radiation emitted from the at least one radiation source is reflected toward the at least one radiation detector. The at least one radiation detector may be configured to detect an intensity of the radiation reflected from the at least one reflector. A biofilm growth on a portion of the at least one reflector may cause a change in the intensity of the radiation reflected from the at least one reflector relative to radiation reflected from the reflector in the absence of the biofilm growth.

Disclosed is a microfluidic detection device including a circuit substrate and a transparent substrate. The circuit substrate is provided with at least one first light-emitting device used to emit a detection beam, a photodetector used to receive the detection beam and send out a sensing signal, and a control circuit electrically connected to the first light-emitting device and the photodetector. The transparent substrate overlaps the circuit substrate and is provided with a microfluidic channel and a light guide structure. The light guide structure has a light incident surface disposed corresponding to the first light-emitting device and a light exiting surface disposed corresponding to the photodetector. The light guide structure extends from each of the light incident surface and the light exiting surface to the microfluidic channel and is adapted to transmit the detection beam into and out of the microfluidic channel.

Optical property measurement using a sensor behind a display screen Examples of this application disclose a method for measuring optical properties of a target. The method comprises illuminating the target with an illumination area with a display screen in contact with the target, and analysing signals reflected from the target and transmitted back through the display screen to a sensor positioned behind the display screen, to determine the optical properties of the target.

An imaging element for analysis of a sample includes an electrode adapted to receive the sample, a light-emitting element, disposed opposite the electrode, and separated from the electrode by an insulating protective layer, a voltage-controlled current source configured to supply current to the light-emitting element and comprising a control electrode electrically connected to the electrode, so that said light-emitting element generates a light wave in response to a voltage coming from the sample.