A system for TFF filtration of a feedstock includes a feed vessel containing a solution comprising a target biomolecule, a filter membrane for filtering the solution, a feed pump for moving the solution from the feed vessel to the filter membrane, a buffer vessel coupled to the feed vessel by a buffer supply line, and a diafiltration pump disposed in the buffer supply line for delivering a buffer solution to the feed vessel. A variable path-length instrument is coupled to the feed line for determining, in real time, a concentration of the target biomolecule in the solution. A controller is coupled to the variable path-length instrument, the feed pump, and the diafiltration pump to control operation of the system based on the received information.

In an embodiment a beam-guiding cavity structure includes at least one first curved surface, one second curved surface and one third curved surface spanning a cavity, the first-third curved surfaces respectively having at least one first focal point and one second focal point, wherein the cavity is configured such that substantially no distance is laterally formed between the first focal point of the first curved surface and the second focal point of the second curved surface, wherein the cavity is further configured such that substantially no distance is laterally formed between the first focal point of the second curved surface and the second focal point of the third curved surface, wherein the first focal point of the second curved surface is arranged next to a connecting line of the first and second focal points of the first curved surface, wherein the first focal point of the third curved surface is arranged next to a connecting line of the first and second focal points of the second curved surface, and wherein the first, second and third curved surfaces have different shapes or dimensions to one another.

A system for determining a characteristic of a sample includes a light source for directing light into an input of a spectrometer. The spectrometer splits the received light into light outputs each having a different wavelength. An active wavelength selection module (AWSM) includes an optical receiving component (ORC). An actuator is coupled to the spectrometer and/or the ORC to adjust a relative position between the spectrometer and the AWSM so that light is receivable by the ORC from a selected one of the plurality of light outputs. The ORC is configured to direct the received light to a sample. A collector is positioned to collect a portion of light that passes through the sample, and to deliver the collected light to an analysis module. The analysis module is configured to determine a quantity of light transmitted through the sample and to correlate transmitted light with a characteristic of the sample.

The present invention relates to an optical flow cell for a measuring device, having an input light guide with a light exit surface, an output light guide with a light entrance surface, said input light guide and output light guide being integrated with a holder to form an optical flow cell, and wherein the holder extends along a first axis and has a through hole for receiving a flow of a sample fluid, said through hole being transversal to said first axis, and the input light guide and output light guide further are arranged in said holder so that the light exit surface and the light entrance surface extend into said through hole and are arranged to be in optical alignment with each other and at a first distance from each other. The invention also relates to a measuring device having at least one optical flow cell.

There is described a method for detecting a given gas species present in a gaseous sample. The method generally has splitting a primary optical pulse into first and second optical pulses, the primary optical pulse having a duration and carrying optical power within an excitation spectrum encompassing at least one absorption spectral band of the given gas species, the first optical pulse being propagated across an optical gas filter unit containing an amount of the given gas species and attenuating the first optical pulse at the at least one absorption band, one of i) the primary optical pulse and ii) the first and second optical pulses being propagated across the gaseous sample, and temporally delaying the first and second optical pulses from one another; measuring signal values of the delayed optical pulses; and detecting the presence of the given gas species in the gaseous sample based on the signal values.

The disclosure relates to an infrared spectrometer comprising first and second opposing reflectors spaced apart by a spacing length, and a plurality of discrete concave reflecting facets, the reflecting facets being facets of at least one of the opposing reflectors. An infrared laser source is arranged to form a laser beam. The opposing reflectors are arranged such that the laser beam is reflected alternately from each of the opposing reflectors, including being reflected at least once by each of the reflecting facets. A detector is arranged to detect spectral properties of the laser beam after reflection from each of the plurality of reflecting facets, and an analyser then determines properties of a sample disposed between the first and second opposing reflectors from the detected spectral properties.

An optically thin sample of a sample material is analyzed by propagating probe electromagnetic radiation from a beam source along a plurality of different ray paths, directing each ray so that each ray path intersects upon the sample at a plurality of different locations where the rays interact with the sample material to cause a modification of the ray. The rays received at each of a plurality of detection spatial region are measured separately and the measurements analyzed to provide information about at least one property of the sample material at each interaction location. An analysis is carried out to trace the path of probe radiation from a location at the probe beam source to the detection spatial region on the detection surface so as to identify the interaction locations so as to provide information about the presence of target material at each interaction location.

An imager for simultaneously taking full color pictures and fluorescence images from the same perspectives, top-down and side views, is presented that uses multiple cameras looking at the same stage through a beamsplitter and light sources for each view. The imager is configured to work with a particular fluorophore, or at least a predetermined fluorescence excitation wavelength and emission wavelength. A broadband white light source projects through a shortpass or other filter with a cut-off wavelength either lower than or between the excitation and emission wavelengths. Another shortpass or other filter is in front of a color camera with a cut-off wavelength below that of the emission wavelength, while a monochrome fluorescence camera may or may not have additional filters to bring out the fluorescence. These filters may be built into a dichroic mirror of the beamsplitter. In addition, digital processing may boost frequencies in the color image that were dampened by the filters.

Device for improving an optical detecting smoke apparatus and implementing thereof. Apparatus and methods for detecting the presence of smoke in a small, long-lasting smoke detector are disclosed. Specifically, the present disclosure shows how to build one or more optimized blocking members in a smoke detector to augment signal to noise ratio. This is performed while keeping the reflections from the housing structure to a very low value while satisfying all the other peripheral needs of fast response to smoke and preventing ambient light. This allows very small measurements of light scattering of the smoke particles to be reliable in a device resistant to the negative effects of dust. In particular, geometrical optical elements, e.g., cap and optical defection elements, are disclosed.

A system comprises an optical air data system that measures aerosol and molecular scattering of light, and an optical instrument that measures aerosol and/or molecular scattering of light. A processor receives data from the air data system and from the optical instrument. The processor performs one or more signal analysis and data fusion methods comprising: (a) determining aerosol and/or molecular concentration from the received data, modifying a data analysis algorithm to optimize any remaining unknown parameters, and outputting enhanced air data parameters; (b) determining aerosol concentration from the received data, dynamically optimizing hardware settings in the air data system to enhance a signal level and avoid system saturation, and outputting enhanced air data parameters; or (c) determining aerosol and/or molecular concentration from the received data, estimating a confidence level of an air data algorithm, verifying optical health of the air data system, and reporting the optical health to a user.