A plasmonic substrate fabrication method is formed using sacrificial nanostructures or microstructures of removable materials printed onto a substrate, and subsequent deposition or growth of a material such as metal or graphene. After the sacrificial structures are removed, plasmonic hotspots of nanoscale or microscale dimension and geometry are obtained on the substrate, enabling various sensing and detection of analytes based on plasmonic techniques.

An optical scanning system for non-destructively acquiring a three-dimensional structure of an object includes an optical image processing device and an optical scanning device. The optical image processing device is configured to generate an optical beam along a first optical axis direction. The optical scanning device is configured to convert the optical beam along the first optical axis direction into an optical beam along a second optical axis direction, and scan an object to be inspected by using the optical beam along the second optical axis direction. The optical image processing device scans the object to be inspected by the optical scanning device along X-axis and Y-axis directions to acquire YZ and XZ cross section structural images at different consecutive positions, so as to reconstruct a three-dimensional structural image.

A system and method that reduces the time needed to identify infrastructure that has been damaged due to a storm, earthquake, or other event. At a high level, the presently claimed invention includes the following steps. Step 1: Assigned airborne response equipped with high-powered lidar sensors to fly over impacted areas to collect a 3D point cloud. This data focuses on the 3D geometry of the built environment and may be processed in a highly automated fashion to derive the locations of downed poles and wires. Step 2: run automated processes to identify highly impacted areasproviding an output of precise XY locations of downed poles and wires. And step 3: develop unique resource allocation response given the areas of known major damage.

The inventions provide microscopes for imaging samples within wells of multi-well plates. Microscopes of the disclosure include a beam homogenizer system that shapes a beam from a light source into a shape specific to the bottom of a well of a multi-well plate. In particular, microscopes of the disclosure can illuminate wells for imaging by passing light through a prism that is beneath the sample. The light enters the prism from the side and as refracted into the well at a steep angle such that the light only illuminates about a bottom ten microns of the well. The beam homogenizer shapes the light from the light source so that, instead of hitting the prism as a spot with an irregular shape, the light enters the prism in a substantially rectangular pattern with homogeneous optical power level over the pattern.