A system and method to discriminate between a first preselected gas and at least one other preselected gas use of an absorption spectroscopy analyzer that includes a Herriott cell and a temperature sensitive light source. The light source operates at a temperature that emits a beam at a wavelength that corresponds to high absorption by a first preselected gas. When a predetermined level of this gas is detected in a gas sample, the analyzer changes the operating temperature of the light source to emit a beam at a wavelength that corresponds to high absorption by a second preselected gas. The second preselected gas can be a different isotope of the first preselected gas.

A fluorescence and phosphorescence detection device includes a fluorescence and phosphorescence sensor, a data acquiring unit, and an emission detection unit. The fluorescence and phosphorescence sensor includes a light source that emits an excitation light of a predetermined wavelength, and a photodetection unit that detects fluorescence emission and phosphorescence emission excited from the paper sheet by the excitation light. The data acquiring unit acquires a time-series waveform of a signal outputted from the fluorescence and phosphorescence sensor in response to the detection of the emission in the photodetection unit. The emission detection unit detects the fluorescence emission from the time-series waveform of a period in which the excitation light is emitted from the light source and detects the phosphorescence emission from an attenuation curve appearing on the time-series waveform of a period in which emission of the excitation light from the light source is stopped.

A measuring device (10) and a measurement method measure a concentration of gaseous/aerosol components of a gas mixture. A reaction carrier (14) has a flow channel (42) defining a reaction chamber (46) having a optically detectable reaction material (48), that reacts with a gas mixture component or with a reaction product. The measuring device (12) includes a gas-conveying assembly (2) with a gas-conveying apparatus (28) conveying the gas mixture and a detection assembly (3), which has a lighting apparatus (37) for lighting the reaction chamber (46), an optical sensor (38) for sensing the optically detectable reaction, and an evaluating unit (4) evaluating sensor data and determining a concentration of the component of the gas mixture. The detection assembly (3) senses a speed of a reaction front (6) propagating in the flow direction in the reaction chamber (46) and determines a preliminary concentration from the speed of the reaction front (6).

Disclosed herein are specimen analysis apparatus and method of analyzing specimen using the same. The specimen analysis apparatus includes a cartridge configured to accommodate at least three pH indicators having different properties and an analyzer configured to determine whether a specimen is acidic or basic using one of the pH indicators. The analyzer determines a pH measurement value using another pH indicator selected based on whether the specimen is acidic or basic.

An automatic analysis device has a plurality of types of photometers having different quantitative ranges, and an analysis control unit for quantifying the desired component in specimens based on measurement values of one or more photometers selected from among the plurality of types of photometers. The analysis control unit: sets a switching region in an overlap region of respective quantitative ranges of the plurality of types of photometers, said switching region having a greater width than does the variation in quantitative values of the desired component based on the measurement values of photometers having the same specimen; compares the quantitative value of a quantitative range portion that corresponds to the switching region and the quantitative values of the desired component based on the measurement values of the photometers; and selects a photometer to be used in quantitative output of the desired component from among the plurality of types of photometers.

The concentration of one or more gases in a surrounding fluid is measured using apparatus having a gas-permeable membrane separating an enclosed internal space within the apparatus from the surrounding fluid while allowing gases to diffuse from the surrounding fluid into the internal space. One or more sources sends infrared radiation along optical paths to one or more infrared detectors measuring intensity of radiation after absorption by gas(es) in the internal space and concentrations are determined from measured absorptions. The apparatus has more than one optical path through the internal space, enabling measurements of concentration over a greater range or enabling measurements of more than one gas present in very different concentrations or having very different infrared absorptivities.