Systems and methods for analysing milk are described. A plurality of First Type Sensors (FTPs) are provided, each associated with a respective one of a plurality of Milking Clusters (MKs) of a milking system and configured to analyse milk extracted from an animal by the MK to determine at least one FTP value of a parameter of the milk across an event period. At least one of a Second Type Sensor (STP) associated with at least one of the plurality of MKs is configured to analyse the milk to determine at least one STP value of the parameter within the event period, wherein the STP is less susceptible to animal specific bias than the FTP. An Animal Specific Bias Correction (ASBC) is determined based on the at least one FTP value and the at least one STP value and applied to FTP values for milk extracted from the animal.

Photoacoustic targeting systems for intracellular recording. In one embodiment, the photoacoustic targeting system includes a light source, a micropipette electrode, an acoustic transducer, and a controller. The light source is configured to emit pulsed light. The micropipette electrode is configured to deliver the pulsed light to a target cell. The acoustic transducer is configured to receive photoacoustic signals generated due to optical absorption of light energy by the target cell. The controller is configured to determine a position of the micropipette electrode relative to the target cell based on the photoacoustic signals.

A system and method for diagnosing infectious disease using integrated surface acoustic wave sensor technology includes an efficient, low-cost integrated surface acoustic wave (SAW) biosensor based system for point-of-care diagnostics. The SAW biosensor, sample receiving portions and interface portions of the system are configured on a disposable cartridge.

An ultrasonic transducer is described, including a piezoelectric element, a fluid medium contact layer, a matching layer between the piezoelectric element and the fluid medium contact layer, and a backing layer. Ultrasound sensor devices utilising the ultrasonic transducer are also described, for use in systems for analysing a fluid such as milk.

A method of detecting a species, strain or type of bacteria includes mixing a labeled bacteriophage including a label that is detectible via a detection system with a bacterial culture including the species, strain or type of bacteria to which the labeled bacteriophage selectively binds and using the detection system to detect the labeled bacteriophage bound to the species, strain or type of bacteria.

A device for estimating a mechanical property of a sample is disclosed herein. The device may include a chamber configured to hold the sample; a transmitter configured to transmit a plurality of waveforms, including at least one forcing waveform; and a transducer assembly operatively connected to the transmitter and configured to transform the transmit waveforms into ultrasound waveforms. The transducer assembly can also transmit and receive ultrasound waveforms into and out of the chamber, as well as transform at least two received ultrasound waveforms into received electrical waveforms. The device also includes a data processor that can receive the received electrical waveforms; estimate a difference in the received electrical waveforms that results at least partially from movement of the sample; and estimate a mechanical property of the sample by comparing at least one feature of the estimated difference to at least one predicted feature, wherein the at least one predicted feature is based on a model of an effect of the chamber wall. Finally, the device can also include a controller configured to control the timing of the ultrasound transmitter and data processor.

A motion detector adapted to detect activity of extremely small scale organisms, such as micro-organisms, bacteria and fungi, and even of viruses and genetic material, such as DNA and RNA. The motion detector is capable of detecting nano-motion, that is, motion in the order of nanometers or less.

A method and system of nanoscale photoacoustic tomography (nPAT) for non-invasive three-dimensional mapping and characterization of fine cellular structures (such as but not limited to organelles, vesicles, and macromolecules) of biological samples is disclosed.

A system for analyzing a fluid includes an in-line sensor configured to analyze a fluid flowing past the in-line sensor to determine at least one in-line value of a fluid parameter of the fluid across an event period, and a sample sensor configured to analyze a sample of fluid extracted from the flow of fluid during the event period, to determine sample value of the fluid parameter for the sample. At least one processor is provided, configured to determine a representative in-line value of the fluid parameter across the event period based at least in part on the at least one in-line value, and determine an overall representative value of the fluid parameter across the event period based on the representative in-line value, the sample value for the sample, and one or more of the in-line values corresponding to the time of extracting the sample, wherein determination of the overall representative value is based on an error correction value determined for the in-line sensor during the event period.

An apparatus is provided for airborne pathogen detection, which includes a crystal microbalance. The apparatus includes specific capture probes that are affixed to the crystal microbalance and are designed to bind to and capture a specific pathogen, such as a virus particle. This capture causes a change in mass of the crystal microbalance that can be detected. A method is provided for airborne pathogen detection, which includes calibrating a resonant frequency of the crystal microbalance to a mass on the crystal microbalance. The method also includes a step of conjugating the antibody to the crystal microbalance. The method also includes, for each measurement time, measuring a resonant frequency of the crystal microbalance and determining a mass change due to binding of the pathogen to the detector. This mass change is then related to pathogen load in the medium. A notification is output if the viral load exceeds a predetermined threshold.