Systems and methods which determine geologic properties using acoustic analysis are shown. Acoustic signals are collected during processing (e.g., crushing, shearing, striking, compressing, etc.) of geologic media, such as rock samples, for determining geologic properties according to embodiments. The acoustic signals collected may include frequency information, amplitude information, time information, etc. which may be utilized in determining geologic properties, such as geologic media properties (e.g., mineralogy, porosity, permeability, sealing capacity, fracability, compressive strength, compressibility, Poisson's Ratio, Youngs Modulus, Bulk Modulus, Shear Modulus), geologic structure properties (e.g., lithology, seal quality, reservoir quality), geologic acoustic properties (e.g., acoustic logging effectiveness, acoustic response, natural or harmonic frequencies, etc.). Embodiments may be used to provide determination of geologic properties from a variety of geologic media samples, such as cuttings, core samples, etc.

A sensing system includes: a surface acoustic wave sensor with a first surface acoustic wave device-and a second surface acoustic wave device; a sensing apparatus detecting an electrical characteristic of the first and second surface acoustic wave devices connected to the surface acoustic wave sensor; and a control apparatus calculating a physical quantity acting on one of a target to which the surface acoustic wave sensor is attached and the surface acoustic wave sensor. The sensitivity ratio of a first physical quantity and the sensitivity of a second physical quantity are different, and a third physical quantity is removable by averaging. The control apparatus removes the first physical quantity based on the results of a comparison operation on sensor signals from the first and second surface acoustic wave elements, uses the averaging process to remove the third physical quantity, and thereby calculates the second physical quantity.

A photo acoustic non-destructive measurement apparatus and method for quantitatively measuring texture of a liquid. The apparatus includes a laser generating tool, an acoustic capturing device, and a data processing unit. The laser generating tool directs a laser towards a surface of a liquid contained in a container and creates pressure waves that propagate through the air and produce an acoustic signal. The acoustic capturing device records and forwards the signal to a data processing unit. The data processing unit further comprises a digital signal processing module that processes the received acoustic signal. A statistical processing module further filters the acoustic signal from the data processing unit and generates a quantitative acoustic model for texture attributes such as hardness and fracturability. The quantitative model is correlated with a qualitative texture measurement from a descriptive expert panel. Textures of liquids are quantitatively measured with the quantitative acoustic model.

A surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor includes a surface acoustic wave material and a comb-teeth electrode. The surface acoustic wave material is to be arranged at a place where the surface acoustic wave material is distorted by physical quantity such as stress. The comb-teeth electrode is arranged on the surface of the surface acoustic wave material to excite a surface acoustic wave to the surface acoustic wave material. The surface acoustic wave material has a sapphire board and a ScAlN film arranged on a surface of the sapphire board.

Anisotropic elastic properties and subsequently in situ stress properties for a rock formation surrounding a wellbore are computed from rock physics and geomechanical models. Mineralogy data measured from DRIFTS on cuttings from the wellbore and rock physics and geomechanical models that have been log-calibrated in another wellbore are used in the computation. The method includes: (1) Defining and calibrating rock physics and geomechanical models using data from the first wellbore; (2) using DRIFTS analysis to measure mineralogy data on rock cuttings obtained through drilling operation in the second wellbore; and (3) using previously calibrated models to estimate in situ stress properties, including a stress index and the minimum principal stress magnitude.

Methods, apparatus and systems for characterizing changes in at least one physical property of soft tissue. A series of acoustic pulses is generated and directed into the soft tissue such that at least one of the pulses is of sufficiently high intensity to induce physical displacement of the tissue. Waves reflected off the tissue, or a flexible member that moves with the tissue, are received and measured to estimate at least one characteristic of the physical displacement induced thereby. Repetition of the generating, receiving and estimating steps provides characterization of the at least one physical property over time. Methods, apparatus and systems for characterizing at least one physical property of blood, by generating a series of acoustic pulses and directing the series of pulses into the blood such that at least one of the pulses is of sufficiently high intensity to induce physical displacement of the blood. Acoustic pulses and/or optical waves reflected from the blood, or a flexible member in contact with the blood that moves with the blood, are received and measured to estimate at least one characteristic of the physical displacement induced thereby.

Described herein are systems and methods for Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio determination of an object of arbitrary geometry. A measured vibrational response spectrum of the object is collected, and a simulated vibrational response spectrum of the object is generated. The measured vibrational response spectrum is compared with the simulated vibrational response spectrum. The comparison is treated as a global nonlinear optimization problem. An objective function is proposed to enable comparison of two spectra, which are available on two incompatible frequency scales, and have different number of peaks. The actual values of the Young's modulus and the Poisson's ratio are identified as the best-fitting values that minimize a mismatch between the simulated vibrational response spectrum and the measured vibrational response spectrum. Suitable systems for performing the methods are also provided.

A device for estimating a mechanical property of a sample is disclosed herein. The device may include a chamber configured to hold the sample; a transmitter configured to transmit a plurality of waveforms, including at least one forcing waveform; and a transducer assembly operatively connected to the transmitter and configured to transform the transmit waveforms into ultrasound waveforms. The transducer assembly can also transmit and receive ultrasound waveforms into and out of the chamber, as well as transform at least two received ultrasound waveforms into received electrical waveforms. The device also includes a data processor that can receive the received electrical waveforms; estimate a difference in the received electrical waveforms that results at least partially from movement of the sample; and estimate a mechanical property of the sample by comparing at least one feature of the estimated difference to at least one predicted feature, wherein the at least one predicted feature is based on a model of an effect of the chamber wall. Finally, the device can also include a controller configured to control the timing of the ultrasound transmitter and data processor.

A sensing device capable of detecting hardness includes a sensor array including a plurality of sensors, each of the plurality of sensors including a transmitter configured to emit a detection wave and a receiver configured to receive a reflected detection wave reflected by an object, the plurality of sensors arranged in a matrix form; and a controller configured to obtain image information and hardness information of each portion of the object from the reflected waves received by the plurality of sensors, and to form three-dimensional print data by mapping the image information and the hardness information.

A sensor system for detecting particles within a fluid, the sensor system comprising: i) a gauge body having a working surface for receiving a particle containing fluid; ii) an impactor spaced apart from the working surface of the gauge body defining a spacing between the impactor and the working surface of the gauge body through which particle containing fluid can pass, wherein the sensor system is configured such that as the particle containing fluid passes through the spacing between the impactor and the working surface of the gauge body, particles disposed over the working surface are impacted by the impactor generating a signal which is dependent on one or both of the size and concentration of particles in the fluid; and iii) a sensor configured to detect the signal generated by the particles impacting the impactor and provide an output signal.