A monitoring apparatus is disclosed herein. In various aspects, the monitoring apparatus includes a probe comprising a sensor to detect a condition within a water body, the sensor produces sensor data indicative of the condition within the water body. The probe includes a sound generator to propagates sound waves within the water body that communicate the sensor data from the probe, in various aspects. The monitoring apparatus includes an interface that is submersible within the water body, and the interface receives the sound waves from the sound generator, in various aspects. In various aspects, the interface is mechanically connected with the submersible probe when deployed for traversal of the interface together with the submersible probe about the water body. The mechanical connection between the probe and the interface may orient the probe with respect to the interface to direct the sound waves from the probe to the interface.

A sensor assembly is provided for conductivity measurement and ultrasonic temperature measurement. The assembly includes an elongated sensor body aligned along a longitudinal axis extending from an electronics housing. The sensor body has a plurality of elongated electrodes disposed about the longitudinal axis defining a measurement section, and a pair of ultrasonic transceivers mounted to the body in spaced relationship across the measurement section, in which a first transceiver of the pair is attached to a proximal end of the sensor body and a second transceiver of the pair is attached to a distal end of the sensor body across the measurement section. The electronics housing is in operable communication with the plurality of electrodes and to the pair of ultrasonic transceivers to measure fluid parameters within the measurement section.

A monitoring device for monitoring the readiness state of an automated external defibrillator (AED) and communicating the state to a remote receiver is described. An associated method is described as well. The monitoring device captures a non-acoustic parameter related to the activation of the AED readiness state beeper.

This optical fiber distribution measurement system of distributed optical fiber sensing type includes: a tunable wavelength distributed feedback LD (1) for obtaining a DTSS signal through frequency shift analysis; an external resonance laser (2) for obtaining a DAS signal through phase shift analysis; a pulse compression coding circuit (4) including an intensity modulator (4a) and an phase modulator (4b); an acousto-optic switch (5); an erbium doped optical fiber amplifier (6); a circulator (7); a diversity device (8); a digitizer (11); a CPU (12); and a serial transfer interface (13). Through calculation on discrete signals sent from the digitizer (11), the CPU (12) converts an analyzed Rayleigh frequency shift signal obtained as the DTSS signal, to phase error, and corrects an analyzed phase signal obtained as the DAS signal, by the phase error.

Methods and apparatus for measuring physical properties of material in a vessel are provided. In one example, the method includes capturing a response to a vibration initiated by a source in mechanical communication with the vessel, generating a vibration response spectrum based on the response, and calculating at least one value of at least one physical property of the material based on at least one pre-established relationship between the at least one physical property and one or more characteristics of the vibration response spectrum.

A gas analyzer uses continuous sonic signals through a conduit to determine the composition of a gas in the conduit. A transmitting transducer drives sonic signals at a fixed frequency and a second transducer receives the sonic signals. The phase shift between two signals corresponds to the speed of sound through the gas and is related to the composition of the gas. The electronic versions of these signals are processed by lowering, or dividing, the fixed frequency which expands the range of phase shift measurement and allows the determination of an expanded range for the gas composition. In an ozone generation system, the gas analyzer is highly suitable for determining the composition of gases derived from air as a gas of known composition and a calibration point.

Certain embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to a method that may include identifying at least one metric for a fluid flowing through a line from a vessel to a dispenser. The method may include identifying a reference value for the at least one metric for the fluid. The method may include performing an analysis of the fluid based on the at least one metric for the fluid. The method may include comparing results of the analysis with the reference value. The method may include performing at least one action based on determining that there has been a change in the at least one metric relative to the reference value.

Acoustic ambient temperature and humidity sensing based on determination of sound velocity is described, in addition to sensors, algorithms, devices, systems, and methods therefor. An exemplary embodiment employs sound velocity in the determination of ambient temperature and humidity. Provided implementations include determinations of sound velocity based on time of flight of a coded acoustic signal and/or based on resonance frequency of a Helmholtz resonator.

An acousto-microwave system to determine a mass M of gas disposed in a vessel includes: a microwave transmitter disposed on the vessel to transmit microwave radiation inside the vessel, a portion of the microwave radiation occurring at a microwave resonance of the vessel; a microwave receiver disposed on the vessel to receive microwave radiation communicated through an interior of the vessel from the microwave transmitter; an acoustic transmitter disposed on the vessel to transmit acoustic radiation inside the vessel, a portion of the acoustic radiation occurring at an acoustic resonance of the gas in the vessel; and an acoustic receiver disposed on the vessel to receive acoustic radiation communicated through the gas from the acoustic transmitter. The mass M of the gas is determined by analyzing the microwave radiation received by the microwave receiver and the acoustic radiation received by the acoustic receiver.

A sensor device that includes an integrated sensor assembly having a surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor disposed on a piezoelectric substrate. The SAW sensor is adapted to measure an environmental condition of an environment in response to an RF signal. The SAW sensor includes an interdigitated transducer (IDT) formed on a substrate having at least a layer of a piezoelectric material. The SAW sensor includes either one or more SAW reflectors of a second IDT formed on the piezoelectric material. The SAW sensor further includes an RF antenna formed on the piezoelectric material. The SAW sensor and the RF antenna are integrated with one another on the piezoelectric material.