The present invention relates to methods and compositions for monitoring, diagnosis, prognosis, and determination of treatment regimens in subjects suffering from or suspected of having a renal injury. In particular, the invention relates to using assays that detect one or more of Metalloproteinase inhibitor 1, Metalloproteinase inhibitor 2, Metalloproteinase inhibitor 4, C—C motif chemokine 15, C—C motif chemokine 18, C—C motif chemokine 23, and/or, C—C motif chemokine 24 as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker assays in renal injuries.

A method for detection or monitoring status of silent brain ischemia (SBI) and cerebrovascular health. The assay reagents and methods described herein provide a specific indicator of cerebral microvascular disease, enabling clinicians to identify patients at risk for the development of SBI. A method of treating a subject having silent brain ischemia and/or metabolic syndrome comprises administering to the subject aspirin therapy, blood pressure therapy, body weight management, and/or a program of diet and exercise when levels of two or more SBI markers are elevated. Described herein are molecules that are produced by cerebral endothelial cells exposed to chronic vascular risk factors including obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and glucose intolerance. These stress molecules produced by cerebral endothelial cells are detectable in the serum and serve as diagnostic indicators of brain-specific endothelial cell damage and correlate with MRI indicators of silent stroke and impaired cognitive function.

Disclosed herein are a method and a biomarker for predicting efficacy and prognosis of or resistance to an immunotherapy. The use of the biomarkers (TCTP, EGFR, AKT, MCL1, and/or CXCL10) of the present disclosure allows the prediction of resistance to or prognosis of a cancer immunotherapeutic agent and the selection of a therapy guaranteeing therapeutic benefit, thereby finding advantageous applications in treating cancers or tumors resistant to cancer immunotherapeutic agents.

An object of the present invention is to provide a TARC-containing composition with high storage stability. Provided is a composition including TARC (Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine) and one or more selected from the group consisting of a sugar fatty acid ester-type nonionic surfactant, a polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer-type nonionic surfactant, and a polyoxyethylene alkylamine-type nonionic surfactant and being in liquid form. The aforementioned object is achieved by the composition.

The present invention relates to methods and compositions for monitoring, diagnosis, prognosis, and determination of treatment regimens in subjects suffering from or suspected of having a renal injury. In particular, the invention relates to using assays that detect C—C motif chemokine 16, C—C motif chemokine 14, and Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker assays in renal injuries.

The present invention relates to the use of the Chemokine (C—C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20) as a biomarker to stratify or identify populations of patients suffering from interleukin-23 (IL23)-mediated diseases (e.g., Crohn's disease) responsive to treatment with an, anti-IL23 antagonist (including, e.g., anti-IL23 antibodies). Levels of CCL20 above or below a predetermined threshold can be used, for example, (i) to determine whether a patient with an IL23-mediated disease or disorder such a Crohn's disease is eligible or non-eligible for treatment with a therapeutic agent, (ii) to determine whether treatment with a certain agent should be commenced, suspended, or modified, (iii) to diagnose whether the IL23-mediated disease is treatable or not treatable with a specific therapeutic agent, or (iv) to predict the outcome of treating the IL23-mediated disease with a specific therapeutic agent. CCL20 can be used in combination with other IL23 pathway biomarkers such as IL22 and/or lipocalin-2 (LCN2).

Methods of determining one or more ratios of chemokines in gingival crevicular fluid of an individual selected from the group consisting of: MIF:MIP1a, M1F:CXCL1; MIF:CXCL5; MIF:CXCL8; M1F:CXCL2; and MIF:CXCL6 and methods of identifying an individual as having gingivitis comprising determining one or more ratios of the chemokines in gingival crevicular fluid are disclosed. Methods of treating individuals who are identified as having gingivitis by determining one or more ratios of the chemokines in gingival crevicular fluid are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of monitoring the treatment individuals who have gingivitis.

The present invention relates to C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) binding proteins and uses thereof in methods of detecting and/or diagnosing a condition in a subject, comprising determining a level of CXCL10 in the subject. Specific antibodies that bind to total CXCL10 (full-length, N-terminally truncated and citrullinated) and antibodies that bind active CXCL10 (full-length) were used to measure the level of total and active CXCL10 in samples from ovarian cancer patients. The calculated ratio of active to total CXCL10 was lower in patients with malignant condition when compared to patients with benign tumours or healthy individuals and is the basis of method of diagnosis of malignant conditions, monitoring tumour burden and disease progression.

The invention relates to a combination of biomarkers and their use in brain injury or mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) detection. The invention also relates to methods of treating the individual diagnosed with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) or a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) using such biomarkers.

The present disclosure provides methods and compositions that find use in identifying presence of an advanced stage autoimmune liver disease (ALD) is a subject diagnosed as having ALD. Also provided here are methods and compositions that find use in monitoring effectiveness of treatment of an ALD patient receiving a treatment for the ALD. Also provided here are methods and compositions that find use in identifying subjects suffering from a relapse of ALD. The methods and compositions of the present disclosure also find use in facilitating treatment decisions for a subject having ALD.