A method of determining whether an agent is a neuroeffector is disclosed. The method comprises: (a) labeling dopaminergic neurons which are comprised in a mixed population of cells with a fluorescent dopamine analog; (b) measuring a level of fluorescence in the mixed population of cells; (c) exposing the mixed population of cells to the agent; (d) remeasuring a level of fluorescence in the mixed population of cells, wherein a change in the level of fluorescence is indicative of the substance being a neuroeffector.

A method of inhibiting phosphorylation of the tau protein and/or a TLR4-mediated immune response is disclosed. The method contemplates administering to cells in recognized need thereof such as cells of the central nervous system an effective amount of a of a compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof that binds to a pentapeptide of filamin A (FLNA) of SEQ ID NO: 1, and contains at least four of the six pharmacophores of FIGS. 35-40.

Methods and compositions for assays of the cellular function of G-protein coupled nicotinic receptors, for example, the alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, a7nAChR. G-protein coupled functions of this receptor are found in various types of cells including, but not limited to, neural, immune, and cancer cells. The assays disclosed herein find a basis in the specificity of the a7nAChR/G protein signaling and the ability to directly survey this activity using fluorescent probes and genetic molecular tools.

A method for diagnosing or assisting diagnosing or screening or assisting screening of whether a subject to be tested suffers from Parkinson's syndrome includes use of a substance for measuring the content of synaptotagmin-11, or use of synaptotagmin-11 as a marker of Parkinson's syndrome.

The present invention discloses an application of a J33 adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) as a marker for detecting a plurality of diseases, and an application of anti-human ADRB3 monoclonal antibody in diagnosing a disease and preparing a drug for treating the disease. The present invention finds through research that the ADRB3 is a key receptor in nerve-endocrine-immunoregulatory network, and an ADRB3-mediated signaling pathway regulates proliferation and differentiation of neutrophils, lymphocytes and tumor cells. Under normal circumstances, the ADRB3 maintains the non-specific immunocompetence and specific immunocompetence of an organism, and eliminates pathogenic microorganisms and aged organism tissues to play a role in protecting the organism and anti-aging. Under pathological conditions, excessive activation of the signaling pathway will cause systemic chronic inflammation, and destroy immune homeostasis. Therefore, the ADRB3 can be used as a diagnostic marker and a therapeutic target for a plurality of diseases. Anti-human ADRB3 antibody can specifically bond with the ADRB3, regulate the activity of the ADRB3, has the functions of resisting cancer, inflammation, poisoning, shock, allergy, viral infection, autoimmune disease, disease caused by regenerative dysfunction, autoimmune disease, cachexia, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease and aging, regulating autophagy, treating aging disease, etc., and has important medical value and research and application prospects.

Methods that include determining levels of melatonin pathway agents (melatonin, L-tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), serotonin, N-acetylserotonin (NAS), and melatonin receptor 1A (MT1)) in Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in both newborns (HIE) and adults (stroke), and in ALS, and optionally administering these agents to treat these conditions.

The present disclosure relates to a pharmaceutical composition for inducing an exercise mimetic effect, which contains an .sub.1-adrenergic receptor agonist as an active ingredient, and a method for screening a drug for inducing an exercise mimetic effect using the .sub.1-adrenergic receptor agonist.

The .sub.1-adrenergic receptor agonist of the present disclosure increases the expression of p-AMPK, PPAR and PGC-1, which play key roles in maintaining and regulating energy metabolic activity in vivo, thereby increasing glucose uptake into skeletal muscle cells, suppressing adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation, reducing abdominal fat and body weight as well as regulating mitochondrial metabolic disorders and suppressing inflammatory responses. Accordingly, the .sub.1-adrenergic receptor agonist can be usefully used to prevent and treat diseases requiring AMPK activation (metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory disease, etc.).

Human pluripotent stem cells are differentiated in vitro into forebrain subdomain structures, which are then fused to generate an integrated system for use in analysis, screening programs, and the like.

The prsent invention relates to a method for manufacturing an analysis device including torpdo membrane fragments immobilized at the surface thereof, to the resulting analysis device, and to the use of said device for detecting, purifying, and characterizing molcules acting on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. The prsent invention is useful in the field of monitoring seafood, monitoring neurotoxic phytoplankton for the shellfish industry, monitoring the quality of bathing waters along tourist beaches, the field of monitoring fresh water reserves, the field of mdical research, the field of the biological analysis and characterization of molcules, e.g., non-radioactive assays of the movement of the ligand-receptor bond on an ELISA-type microplate, thereby enabling comptitive agonists and antagonists of targets to be detected, e.g., of highly sensitive receptors.

Subject matter of the present invention is an Antibody or antibody fragment or non-Ig scaffold binding to a binding region of an anti-NMDAR1 antibody and its uses in therapy or diagnosis.