The present disclosure provides a method of treating cancer by immune checkpoint blockade, or selecting patients for treatment with immune checkpoint blockers, by detecting tumors with high levels of T-lymphocytes with low levels of activation and proliferation. In various embodiments the tissue sample may be from a conventional biopsy. In various embodiments the cancer may be non-small cell lung cancer.

This document provides digital microfluidics devices. For example, point-of-care digital microfluidics devices for removing white blood cells from a blood sample and preparing bacterial DNA in the sample for detection and/or identification are provided.

Devices and methods for labeling and mounting suspended cells in a controllable area are disclosed. The devices and methods utilize polycarbonate filters. The filters are employed both to capture the cells and as a substrate for labeling. This disclosure provides a device for cell capture and staining. This device utilizes a stack comprising a filter sandwiched between two o-rings (an “OFO stack”) in which the o-rings both seat the device and, based on their outer diameter and cross-section, determine the cell capture area. In one embodiment, an alignment plate is affixed to an output head of the device, the alignment plate having one or more through holes, a diameter of the one or more through holes matching an outer diameter of the OFO stack.

The present invention relates to the use of a nucleic acid molecule encoding a first reporter gene, bordered by at least one first pair and one second pair of sequences targeting a site-specific recombinase in order to detect cells of a mammal infected with a virus responsible for an immunodeficiency.

Provided are methods for detecting or isolating circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in a subject. The methods may include detecting the expression of at least one epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarker. Further provided are kits for detecting or isolating CTCs. The kits may include antibodies to at least one EMT biomarker. Further provided are methods of predicting the responsiveness of a subject to a cancer drug, methods of targeting delivery of a cancer drug in a subject, methods of providing a cancer prognosis to a subject, and methods for following the progress of cancer in a subject.

The invention provides methods and compositions for detecting non-hematopoietic, non-tumor EphA3-expressing cells in cancer patients and for monitoring the prognosis of patients using EphA3.

Means that enables monitoring of an anticancer effect of an anti-CD4 antibody or an anticancer drug targeting an immune checkpoint is disclosed. The method for testing a therapeutic effect of a cancer therapy of the present invention is a method for testing a therapeutic effect of an anticancer drug comprising as an effective ingredient an anti-CD4 antibody or an anticancer drug targeting an immune checkpoint, which method comprises investigation of expression of (1) at least one immune checkpoint receptor, (2) CD8, and (3) at least one cell surface molecule selected from the group consisting of CD44 and CD45RO, on T cells using a sample derived from a patient who received the anticancer drug. Induction of a T cell population which is positive for the immune checkpoint molecule (1) and positive for CD8, and which shows high expression of CD44 and/or high expression of CD45RO, indicates that said anticancer drug is producing a therapeutic effect in said patient.

Methods for identifying active angiogenesis and vasculopathy are described. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to cellular biomarkers, and to methods of screening cellular biomarkers for identifying active angiogenesis.

The present invention provides an approach for the determination of the activation states of a plurality of proteins in single cells. This approach permits the rapid detection of heterogeneity in a complex cell population based on activation states, expression markers and other criteria, and the identification of cellular subsets that exhibit correlated changes in activation within the cell population. Moreover, this approach allows the correlation of cellular activities or properties. In addition, the use of modulators of cellular activation allows for characterization of pathways and cell populations. Several exemplary diseases that can be analyzed using the invention include AML, MDS, and MPN.

The present invention refers to a method of predicting response of a human subject to Interferon beta, (IFN-β), wherein the subject is suffering from Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and wherein the method comprises using, as an indicator, the percentage of CD5+ CD19+ CD45+ B cells over the total count of lymphocytes (CD45+ cells) in a biological sample originating from the human subject and the percentage of CD8+ CD45+ perforin+ T cells over the total count of lymphocytes (CD45+ cells) in a biological sample originating from the human subject, wherein if the percentage of CD5+ CD19+ CD45+ B cells over the total count of lymphocytes (CD45+ cells) is lower than or equal to 3% and/orthe percentage of CD8+ CD45+ perforin+ T cells over the total count of lymphocytes (CD45+ cells) is greater than or equal to 1%, is indicative of response.