Anti-EGFR antibodies, therapeutic compositions comprising combinations of anti-EGFR antibodies, as well as methods for using such antibodies and compositions to treat EGFR-related disorders (e.g., cancers), are disclosed.

Provided is a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of aging or amyotrophy. Provided are a method for determining the state of aging or amyotrophy, a method for determining the efficacy of therapeutic or preventive effects on aging or amyotrophy, and a method of screening for a therapeutic or preventive agent for aging or amyotrophy. The biomarker is a free MuSK protein or an mRNA for a secreted MuSK.

The present invention provides methods for selecting a therapy for, or for providing a treatment to, a patient having a cancer. The methods of the present invention comprise detecting the protein biomarkers c-Met, HGF, and EpCAM in cancer cells or cancerous tissues of a subject, and predicting the subject's responsiveness to treatment with a c-Met-targeted or other HGF-inhibitory treatment, thereby enabling the selection and administration of an effective therapeutic.

The invention provides methods and compositions to detect expression of one or more biornarkers, including FGFR3, TP53, and/or EGFR, for treating, diagnosing, and providing a prognosis for cancer, e.g., bladder cancer. The invention also provides kits and articles of manufacture for use in the methods.

The present invention relates to a metabolic biomarker set for use in assessing breast cancer in a mammalian subject. In particular, the invention relates to a metabolic biomarker set for screening and/or diagnosing breast cancer, the metabolic biomarker set comprising at least (a) one amino acid selected from glutamine, glutamate and serine, and one lipid, or (b) glutamine and glutamate. Further, the invention relates to a metabolic biomarker set for prediction of therapeutic response to breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Further, the invention relates to a metabolic biomarker set for assessing biochemical reflection of breast cancer tumor activity. Further, the invention relates to a metabolic biomarker set for subclassification between intrinsic breast cancer tumor subtypes. Moreover, the present invention relates to a method for assessing breast cancer, which comprises obtaining a biological sample, preferably blood, from a mammalian subject and measuring in the biological sample the amount and/or ratios of metabolites. By employing the specific biomarkers and the method according to the present invention it becomes possible to more properly and reliably assess breast cancer.

Provided are a substance capable of binding to EGFR specifically with a high affinity and a pharmaceutical agent containing the substance. A peptide which contains at least an amino acid sequence is represented by the formula (1), (2) or (3), as described in the specification, and is composed of 12 to 50 amino acids: TABLE-US-00001 (SEQ ID NO: 55) X.sup.1-His-X.sup.2-X.sup.3-Asp-X.sup.4-X.sup.5-X.sup.6-X.sup.7-X.sup.8-Trp-His(1) (SEQ ID NO: 56) Phe-His-Asp-Trp-X.sup.11-Pro-X.sup.12-X.sup.13-X.sup.14-X.sup.15-X.sup.16-X.sup.17(2) (SEQ ID NO: 57) Leu-His-X.sup.21-Ser-X.sup.22-Trp-Met-X.sup.23-X.sup.24-X.sup.25-X.sup.26-X.sup.27(3).

A cancer cell proliferation inhibitor including at least one selected from compounds represented by Structural Formulae (1) to (8), wherein the cancer cell is at least one of a cancer cell overexpressing a wild-type epidermal growth factor receptor and a cancer cell expressing an epidermal growth factor receptor mutant vIII.

The present invention provides MT4-MMP inhibitor and EGFR inhibitor for use in the treatment of cancer, wherein said MT4-MMP inhibitor and EGFR inhibitor are different from each other. MT4-MMP (MMP-17) is a glycosylphosphatidyl inositol (GPI) anchored MMP produced by cancer cells that promotes tumor vascularization and metastases. The present invention found that MT4-MMP expression promotes cancer cell proliferation. These effects involve retinoblastoma protein (Rb) inactivation, cyclin dependent kinase CDK4 activation and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) signaling. Co-immuno-precipitations indicate the existence of protein complexes harboring MT4-MMP and EGFR. The present invention further found a novel mechanism of MT4-MMP action through an outside-in signaling involving EGFR. An unexpected crosstalk between an MMP and EGFR was identified and recognized as a key driver of cancer cell biology.

The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods for cancer diagnosis, research and therapy, including but not limited to, cancer markers. In particular, the present disclosure relates to gene fusions as diagnostic markers and clinical targets for cancer.

The present invention provides assays and methods for predicting the post-operative survival of a subject having an early stage gastric cancer after tumor surgery. The present invention also provides methods for treating a subject having an early stage gastric cancer by administering a combination therapy tailored to the signal transduction biomarkers that are activated in the cancer. In particular embodiments, the methods of the invention rely on the detection of the activation state or level of a specific combination of signal transducer analytes in a cancer cell obtained from the subject. Thus, the methods of the invention are particularly useful for predicting the survival or prognosis of a subject having an early stage gastric cancer and for guiding both pre- and post-operative treatment decisions by identifying subjects who would benefit from combination therapy as opposed to monotherapy.