The present invention relates to substituted purine compounds. The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds and methods of treating disorders in which DOT1-mediated protein methylation plays a part, such as cancer, by administering these compounds and pharmaceutical compositions to subjects in need thereof.

The invention provides an isolated antibody, or antigen-binding portion thereof that specifically binds to canine or feline Oncostatin M receptor Beta (OSMR-) or both, wherein the antibody antagonizes IL-31-mediated signaling or OSM-mediated signaling or both in a canine and/or feline cell.

The present disclosure includes biomarkers, methods, devices, reagents, systems, and kits for evaluating and predicting lung cancer risk. In one aspect, the disclosure provides biomarkers that can be used alone or in various combinations to estimate or determine lung cancer risk. In another aspect, methods are provided for evaluating and predicting lung cancer risk in an individual, where the methods include detecting, in a biological sample from an individual, at least one biomarker value corresponding to at least one biomarker selected from the group of biomarkers provided in Table 6.

Methods of determining infection type are disclosed. In one embodiment, the method comprises measuring the amount of TRAIL and/or IP10 no more than two days from symptom onset.

The present invention concerns a human resistin receptor. More particularly, the present invention provides a method for screening a receptor of human resistin protein, a method for preventing or treating an inflammatory disease and arteriosclerosis using an expression- or activity-regulator for a human resistin receptor, and a pharmaceutical composition including an expression- or activity-regulator for the human resistin receptor. The method for screening a human resistin protein receptor according to the present invention enables separation of a receptor which directly binds to resistin from human monocyte, reveals a mechanism of signal transduction of the resistin receptor, and therefore, is expected to contribute to regulation of an inflammatory effect of monocyte, molecular detection of causes for vascular inflammation and arteriosclerosis, and developments of prevention and a treating agent for an inflammatory disease and arteriosclerosis.

The invention provides compositions and methods for diagnosing a patient as having a myeloproliferative disease by identifying mutations in the MPL gene or gene products.

Information on cytokines and cytology obtained from a biological specimen are combined as a method of predicting the risk that dysplasia will progress to cancer. Methods are disclosed herein to augment the evaluation of biological samples from subjects being tested for cancer. In addition to the cell types that are traditionally considered in the morphology-based cytological screening of specimens, methods disclosed herein add evaluations of certain cell types and cytokines that are traditionally discounted or ignored during screening.

An embodiment of the invention provides a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) comprising an antigen binding domain specific for FLT3, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular T cell signaling domain. Nucleic acids, recombinant expression vectors, host cells, populations of cells, antibodies, or antigen binding portions thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions relating to the CARs are disclosed. Methods of detecting the presence of a proliferative disorder, e.g., cancer, in a mammal and methods of treating or preventing a proliferative disorder, e.g., cancer, in a mammal are also disclosed.

Provided herein are, inter alia, methods for identifying dysfunctional natural killer (NK) cells in a subject with leukemia. Provided are methods for treating leukemia, including administering to the subject an effective amount of allogeneic NK cells.

Isolated human monoclonal antibodies which bind to and inhibit human CD25, and related antibody-based compositions and molecules, are disclosed. The human antibodies can be produced by a hybridoma, a transfectoma or in a nonhuman transgenic animal, e.g., a transgenic mouse, capable of producing multiple isotypes of human monoclonal antibodies by undergoing V-D-J recombination and isotype switching. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the human antibodies, nonhuman transgenic animals, hybridomas and transfectomas which produce the human antibodies, and therapeutic and diagnostic methods for using the human antibodies.