The present invention relates to a strip for an improved lateral flow assay of a biological sample on a single plane and a lateral flow chromatography assay using a test device containing the same. The strip of the present invention consists of a single-pad, which can improve lateral flow assay by providing an easy and simple procedure and clear visual reading. The strip of the present invention is consisted of sample application (sample) zone and reactant-resultant zone where the reaction mixture is deposited (reactant) are all on a same plane. In addition, the present invention provides a chromatographic method wherein hemoglobin is separated from analyte by a differential chromatography on the solid phase. Any interference of detection of the result by hemoglobin is removed by the present invention. The present invention provides advantages including an easy and simple procedure with a quick and clear response.

Cancers of different cellular or tissue origins express different ENOX2 cancer isoforms or combinations of isoforms and shed these proteins into the circulation. Herein are disclosed methods both for cancer detection and diagnosis of particular origin, based on the patterns and molecular weights of the isoforms which allow the identification of the cell type and or tissue of origin of the neoplasm. Relative ENOX2 amounts are proportional to tumor burden and provide a reliable measure of response to therapy and disease progression. Also provided is the amino acid sequence to which the scFv antibodies bind as the molecular basis for the specificity of the test.

Cancers of different cellular or tissue origins express different ENOX2 cancer isoforms or combinations of isoforms and shed these proteins into the circulation. Herein are disclosed methods both for cancer detection and diagnosis of particular origin, based on the patterns and molecular weights of the isoforms which allow the identification of the cell type and or tissue of origin of the neoplasm. Relative ENOX2 amounts are proportional to tumor burden and provide a reliable measure of response to therapy and disease progression. Also provided is the amino acid sequence to which the scFv antibodies bind as the molecular basis for the specificity of the test.

The present invention relates to a biomarker for predicting the prognosis of colorectal cancer by using changes in expression level of NNT and/or OSBPL3, and a prognosis prediction method using same. The expression level of NNT and/or OSBPL3 is analyzed so that the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients in clinical practice can be predicted, and if the analysis is performed in combination with TNM stage, more accurate prediction can be made such that individualized and customized strategies can be designed.

The present invention relates to compositions and methods for treating and/or preventing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), especially in subjects with an impaired NO-cGMP-PKG signalling axis. The inventors established that not all patients with clinically defined HFpEF suffer from insufficient NO-cGMP-PKG signalling. In accordance with the invention, patients with an HFpEF diagnosis can be selected/stratified based on biomarkers such as NADPH oxidase Type 5 (Nox5) plasma levels, nitration of tyrosine residues on plasma proteins and/or cell-based assays. Moreover, the inventors have found that treating this signalling network at two or more nodes, especially sGC and NO synthase, achieves the first-in-class mechanism-based, causal and high precision therapy for HFpEF endotype which is defined by insufficient NO-cGMP-PKG signalling.

The present invention is based in part on the identification of biomarkers, including NQO1, NRF2 and KEAP1, predictive of cancer cell responsiveness to treatment with ML 329 or a derivative thereof.

The present invention relates to a biomarker for predicting the prognosis of colorectal cancer by using changes in expression level of NNT and/or OSBPL3, and a prognosis prediction method using same. The expression level of NNT and/or OSBPL3 is analyzed so that the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients in clinical practice can be predicted, and if the analysis is performed in combination with TNM stage, more accurate prediction can be made such that individualized and customized strategies can be designed.

The present invention relates to an epitope of a thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) antigen and a use thereof, and more particularly, to the epitope, and an antibody or an antigen-binding fragment binding thereto. The epitope region of the human Trx1 antigen confirmed in the present invention may be effectively used in the development of an improved antibody to enhance the binding affinity of an anti-Trx1 antibody. In addition, the improved antibody of the present invention is effective in improvement of performance of a breast cancer diagnosis kit due to excellent binding affinity for Trx1 and very high sensitivity and specificity, compared to a conventional anti-Trx1 antibody. Further, the accuracy and reliability of breast cancer diagnosis may significantly increase because exceptionally high sensitivity and specificity are exhibited by detecting the monoclonal antibody of the present invention, which specifically binds to Trx1, rather than detecting CA15-3, another conventional breast cancer diagnostic biomarker.

The present invention relates to an epitope of a thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) antigen and a use thereof, and more particularly, to the epitope, and an antibody or an antigen-binding fragment binding thereto. The epitope region of the human Trx1 antigen confirmed in the present invention may be effectively used in the development of an improved antibody to enhance the binding affinity of an anti-Trx1 antibody. In addition, the improved antibody of the present invention is effective in improvement of performance of a breast cancer diagnosis kit due to excellent binding affinity for Trx1 and very high sensitivity and specificity, compared to a conventional anti-Trx1 antibody. Further, the accuracy and reliability of breast cancer diagnosis may significantly increase because exceptionally high sensitivity and specificity are exhibited by detecting the monoclonal antibody of the present invention, which specifically binds to Trx1, rather than detecting CA15-3, another conventional breast cancer diagnostic biomarker.

A method of assessing mitochondria bioenergetics includes obtaining a frozen tissue or frozen biofluid sample of an individual and measuring mitochondria bioenergetics of the frozen tissue or frozen biofluid sample using a substrate for the frozen tissue or biofluid sample. The substrate may include at least one of Glucose; Alamethicin, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (H), and Cytochrome C; Succinate and Rotenone; or Ascorbate+TMPD (Tetramethyl phenylenediamine).