The present invention relates to a composition that contains choline propionate in an amount effective to controlling the growth of mold in animal feed and improve animal performance. Another aspect of the present invention relates to methods of controlling the growth of mold in animal feed, improving animal performance, and providing a protective effect on the liver. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a process for preparing a mold inhibitor composition that contains choline propionate, where the process comprises the step of using choline hydroxide as a base to neutralize propionic acid.

A device is disclosed for conducting a non-invasive analysis of a bodily fluid to determine the presence and level of a certain constituent carried by the bodily fluid. An indicator formulation of the device changes color in response to exposure to the constituent to provide a visible indication of the presence and level of the constituent carried by the bodily fluid. A carrier substrate of the device is constructed of a material having voids providing a high void volume within the substrate. The device is made by applying a chromagen to the carrier substrate to create a chromagen-laden carrier member. Then, a selected reagent having a particular constituent-specific formulation is applied to the chromagen-laden member. The selected reagent then combines with the chromagen thereby establishing the indicator formulation within the carrier substrate in place for reception of a sample of the bodily fluid.

There is provided a method and materials pertaining to assays, for example immunoassays, for biomarkers in body fluids e.g. blood. Diagnostic or screening methods for infections, and methods of differentiating between infectious and non-infectious conditions in mammals, particularly equines, for monitoring response to anti-infective/antibiotic therapy are provided. A test fluid collection system adapted to permit dilution and analysis of the collected test fluid and an assay and device for monitoring exertional rhabdomyolysis in equines is also provided.

A device is disclosed for conducting a non-invasive analysis of a bodily fluid to determine the presence and level of a certain constituent carried by the bodily fluid. An indicator formulation of the device changes color in response to exposure to the constituent to provide a visible indication of the presence and level of the constituent carried by the bodily fluid. A carrier substrate of the device is constructed of a material having voids providing a high void volume within the substrate. The device is made by applying a chromagen to the carrier substrate to create a chromagen-laden carrier member. Then, a selected reagent having a particular constituent-specific formulation is applied to the chromagen-laden member. The selected reagent then combines with the chromagen thereby establishing the indicator formulation within the carrier substrate in place for reception of a sample of the bodily fluid.

An immunoassay suitable for point of care to assess liver disease or function comprising contacting a blood sample from a subject with a specific binding agent that recognizes an epitope of ALT 1, that is not recognized by rodent antibodies when the rodent antibodies are in the presence of human plasma, to form an antigen-binding agent complex and detecting the complex using a second or further binding agent linked to or comprising a detectable reporter; and detecting liver disease or liver function in the subject contingent upon the mass concentration of AL T1 in the sample. Kits or devices comprising lagomorph antibodies or binding agents comprising the antigen binding component thereof suitable for measuring the mass concentration of ALT 1 in a blood sample from a subject to determine liver function.

A coupled enzyme reaction point of care assay system detects and measures an active enzyme biomarker from a patient's blood sample. The assay system has a point of care blood collector for collecting blood into a blood collection vial. A biomarker detection mechanism has at least three fluid flow entities. Each fluid flow entity has a fluid input zone and a corresponding reaction zone. The fluid flow entities include a test strip, a negative control strip and a positive control strip. The reaction zones include components from a multiplicity of substrates, co-factors, buffers and cryoprotectants, and a multiplicity of tethered enzymes. At least one of the tethered enzymes is an enzyme that produces luminescence. The tethered enzymes are adapted to react to a constituent which may be a biomarker. A photonic luminescence reader measures light emitted from an active enzyme biomarker present in the patient's blood.

A novel combinatorial and high-throughput platform that enables rapid screening of complex and heterogeneous copolymer brushes as enzyme immobilization supports named Combinatorial High-throughput Enzyme Support Screening (CHESS). Using a 384 well-plate format, we synthesized arrays of three-component polymer brushes in the microwells using photo-activated surface-initiated polymerization, and immobilized enzymes in situ. The utility of CHESS to identify optimal immobilization supports under thermally and chemically denaturing conditions was demonstrated using Bacillus subtilis Lipase A (LipA). The identification of supports with optimal compositions was validated by immobilizing LipA on polymer-brush modified biocatalyst particles. We further demonstrated that CHESS could be used to predict the optimal composition of polymer brushes a priori for the previously unexplored enzyme, alkaline phosphatase (AlkP). Our findings demonstrate that CHESS represents a predictable and reliable platform for dramatically accelerating the search of chemical compositions for immobilization supports and further facilitate the discovery of biocompatible and stabilizing materials.

Provided herein is a novel method for identifying individuals suffering from liver fibrosis. The methods disclosed herein employ a combination of specific biomarkers and patient demographic information. These biomarkers include Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT), and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) or Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), as well as patient-specific variables such as age, standing height, weight, and diabetes status. By combining these elements, the method aims to generate a diagnostic score, which is then compared to a predefined threshold to categorize the individual's stage of liver fibrosis. The stages of interest include significant fibrosis (METAVIR stages F2 to F4), advanced fibrosis (METAVIR stages F3 and F4), or cirrhosis (METAVIR stage F4). The method's strength lies in its ability to accurately assess liver fibrosis using readily obtainable data, facilitating extensive screening and contributing to the early detection of this condition.

A coupled enzyme reaction point of care lateral assay system detects and measures an active enzyme biomarker from a patient's blood sample. The lateral assay system has a point of care blood collector for collecting blood into a blood collection vial. A biomarker detection mechanism has at least three lateral flow strips. Each lateral flow strip has a fluid input zone, a corresponding reaction zone and a pretreatment band. The fluid flow strips include a test strip for separation of cells from the patient's blood sample. The reaction zones include components from a multiplicity of substrates, cofactors, buffers and cryoprotectants, and a multiplicity of tethered enzymes. At least one of the tethered enzymes is an enzyme that produces luminescence. The tethered enzymes are adapted to react to a constituent such as a biomarker. A photonic luminescence reader measures light emitted from an active enzyme biomarker present in the patient's blood.

The present disclosure relates to methods for identifying a subject as eligible for treatment with lanifibranor, methods for treating a subject suffering from liver disease comprising administering lanifibranor to said subject and monitoring a subject's risk of experiencing a side effect caused by lanifibranor treatment.