Methods of detecting a local infection, critical colonization, or infection in a wound, predicting wound healing in a wound, and detecting bacterial pathogenesis in a wound are provided.

The present application relates to materials and methods for exploiting synthetic lethality and/or chemo-sensitisation in DNA damage response (DDR) pathways. In particular, the application relates to ubiquitin hydrolase protein Ubiquitin Specific Protease 4 (USP4) and its association with DDR pathways. Further, the use of USP4 inhibitors in the treatment of cancer and methods of screening is described, in particular, use of inhibitors of USP4 in the treatment of tumours defective in double-strand break repair (DSBR) and/or tumours resistant to platinum-based chemotherapy, or to sensitise, i.e. chemosensitise or radiosensitise tumours to other therapeutic agents.

This document provides materials and methods for treating cancer metastases. For example, materials and methods for using a CDK 4/6 inhibitor and/or a CDK1 inhibitor to prevent cancer cell metastasis, prevent further cancer cell metastasis, reduce the number of metastatic cancer cells, and/or reduce the risk of cancer cell metastasis within a mammal (e.g., a human) are provided.

A method for determining a presence of inflammatory bowel disease in a subject. The method involves providing a gut sample obtained from a subject; measuring a level in said gut sample of one or more proteins, wherein said one or more proteins comprises at least one of: leukotriene A-4 hydrolase, catalase, transketolase, thioredoxin domain containing protein 17, vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein and thymosin beta-10; and comparing said measured level of each of said one or more proteins to a corresponding protein level for a normal subject. A method for determining a presence of pancolitis in a subject with ulcerative colitis is also provided.

A method of proteolyzing a protein, including immobilizing a protein in at least one pore of a porous body, and contacting the protein immobilized in the pore and a protease immobilized on a solid surface such that the protease selectively accesses a site of the protein and proteolyzes the protein at the site.

Activity-based probe compounds for use in labeling a cysteine protease are provided. The compounds are targeted to the protease through a specific targeting element. The compounds additionally include a detectable element, such as a fluorescent label, a radiolabel, or a chelator. In some cases, the compounds additionally include a quenching element that is released upon reaction with the protease. Also provided are compositions comprising the compounds and methods for using the compounds, for example in labeling a protease in an animal and in visualizing a tumor in an animal.

A method of proteolyzing a protein, including immobilizing a protein in at least one pore of a porous body, and contacting the protein immobilized in the pore and a protease immobilized on a solid surface such that the protease selectively accesses a site of the protein and proteolyzes the protein at the site.

A biomarker composition for diagnosing degenerative brain diseases includes main markers and sub-markers as active ingredients by which, in the blood serum of patients with mild cognitive impairment/stage 1 dementia and stage 2 dementia/stage 3 dementia, the levels of main markers amyloid beta 40 (A40), tau, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were measured to be significantly higher than those of a normal control group, the levels of brain-derived nerve growth factor (BDNF) and ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) were measured to be significantly low, the levels of phospho-tau (AT180) and homocystein (HCY) were measured to be significantly high, and the level of peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (Pin1) was confirmed to be significantly low.

Provided are engineered ACE2 oligomers and compositions comprising the oligomers. Also provided are compositions and methods for treating or preventing coronavirus infection and detecting coronavirus.

The disclosure provides a method for detecting prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) on circulating tumor cells (CTCs) obtained from a patient afflicted with prostate cancer comprising (a) performing a direct analysis comprising immunofluorescent staining and morphological characterization of nucleated cells in a blood sample obtained from the patient to detect circulating tumor cells (CTC), and (b) determining the number of CTCs expressing PSMA. The disclosure also provides a provides a method for identifying a patient afflicted with prostate cancer as a candidate for PSMA targeted therapy comprising (a) performing a direct analysis comprising immunofluorescent staining and morphological characterization of nucleated cells in a blood sample obtained from the patient to detect circulating tumor cells (CTC), (b) determining prevalence of a CTC subpopulation expressing PSMA, and (c) comparing the prevalence of the CTC subpopulation expressing PSMA to a reference value, wherein the prevalence of the CTC subpopulation expressing PSMA above the reference value identifies the patient as a candidate for PSMA targeted therapy. The disclosure further provides a provides a method for predicting resistance to androgen receptor (AR) targeted therapy a patient afflicted with prostate cancer comprising (a) performing a direct analysis comprising immunofluorescent staining and morphological characterization of nucleated cells in a blood sample obtained from the patient to detect circulating tumor cells (CTC), (b) determining prevalence of a CTC subpopulation expressing PSMA, and (c) comparing the prevalence of the CTC subpopulation expressing PSMA to a reference value, wherein the prevalence of the CTC subpopulation expressing PSMA above the reference value is indicative of resistance to androgen receptor (AR) targeted therapy.