A system for vision testing and/or training of a user is disclosed herein. In one embodiment, the system includes a user input device, an eye movement tracking device, a visual display device having an output screen, and a data processing device operatively coupled to the user input device, the eye movement tracking device, and the visual display device. The data processing device is programmed to generate and display one or more visual objects on the output screen of the visual display device; determine, based upon a first signal received from the user input device, whether the user performed a correct action with respect to the one or more visual objects displayed on the output screen; and determine, based upon a second signal received from the eye movement tracking device, whether the user is generally looking in a direction that corresponds to a location of the one or more visual objects.

Described are various embodiments of a computer-implemented method, automatically implemented by one or more digital processors, to automatically adjust user perception of an input image to be rendered on a digital display via a set of pixels thereof, wherein the digital display has an array of light field shaping elements (LFSE). In one embodiment, the method comprises: digitally mapping the input image on a retinal plane of the user, and for each pixel digitally projecting an adjusted image ray trace between said given pixel and a given LFSE to intersect said retinal plane at a given adjusted image location, given an estimated direction of a light field emanated by said given pixel given said given LFSE and a modeled redirection of said adjusted image ray trace in accordance with a designated eye focus parameter; associating an adjusted image value designated for said given adjusted image location with said given pixel based on said mapping; rendering each said given pixel according to said adjusted image value associated therewith, thereby rendering a perceptively adjusted version of the input image.

A virtual reality-based ophthalmic inspection system includes a wearable unit, an electronic unit, and at least one detector. The wearable unit is available for an inspected object to wear the wearable unit on head. The electronic unit is assembled with the wearable unit and has a left-eye display zone and a right-eye display zone. A first visual acuity of the inspected object is identified according to a first eyesight information. The electronic unit performs a visual correction confirmation process, the at least one detector detects a condition value of corresponding the right eye and/or the left eye, and the electronic unit answers a first comparison result after comparing the condition value with a threshold value.

The present disclosure relates to a visual field testing method, system, and testing apparatus based on head-mounted testing equipment (02). The method includes: transmitting, by the testing apparatus in electronic equipment (01), a start notification for starting monitoring of a movement trajectory of a pupil of a current eye to be tested to an eye movement tracking system (03) after receiving a start test instruction transmitted from a controller; receiving, by the testing apparatus, movement state information of the pupil (202) that is transmitted from the eye movement tracking system (03); and determining, by the testing apparatus, the movement trajectory (203) of the pupil according to the movement state information, wherein the controller is a component that is associated with the head-mounted testing equipment (02) and communicatively connected to the testing apparatus of the electronic equipment (01). The method can reduce the testing complexity and may also improve the testing accuracy and comfort.

In an ophthalmic imaging system an image imaged by an imaging section for a right eye is formed as an imaging image on a display, and then displayed through a right-eye optical unit and a reflection member. An image imaged by an imaging section for a left eye is formed as an imaging image on a display, and then displayed through an optical unit and the reflection member. This thereby enables the object to be visually inspected as a three-dimensional image by the observer viewing the right-eye imaging image and the left-eye imaging image, which differ from each other according to the parallax therebetween, by viewing the respective images through right and left eyes.

Mobile computer devices and systems for refraction determination of an eye, for example for objective refraction determination and/or subjective refraction determination, are provided. Here, a display of the mobile computer device can be driven to display an image for refraction determination.

Systems, devices, and methods are described for the assessment, screening, monitoring, or diagnosis of developmental or cognitive conditions, including autism spectrum disorders (ASD) by analysis of eye tracking data generated from feedback received as a result of display of specific predetermined visual stimuli to a subject or patient. Subsequent to a calibration phase, a testing procedure is performed by presenting predetermined stimuli (e.g., videos) to a subject via a display device. Eye tracking data (from the subject moving his or her eyes in response to predetermined movies or other visual stimuli) are collected. During the data collection period, the system periodically presents targets to reflexively elicit the subject's gaze. These data are used to later verify accuracy. Analysis of the subject's viewing patterns during these stimuli is used for the assessment, screening, monitoring, or diagnosis of developmental or cognitive conditions such as ASD.

Described are various embodiments of a computer-implemented method, automatically implemented by one or more digital processors, to automatically adjust user perception of an input image to be rendered on a digital display via a set of pixels thereof, wherein the digital display has an array of light field shaping elements (LFSE). In one embodiment, the method comprises: digitally mapping the input image on a retinal plane of the user, and for each pixel digitally projecting an adjusted image ray trace between said given pixel and a given LFSE to intersect said retinal plane at a given adjusted image location, given an estimated direction of a light field emanated by said given pixel given said given LFSE and a modeled redirection of said adjusted image ray trace in accordance with a designated eye focus parameter; associating an adjusted image value designated for said given adjusted image location with said given pixel based on said mapping; rendering each said given pixel according to said adjusted image value associated therewith, thereby rendering a perceptively adjusted version of the input image.

A binocular brightness sensitivity measurement method based on a wearable display device includes: loading a first test image and a second test image which has a brightness different from that of the first test image respectively for two eyes of a user under test; adjusting the brightness of the first test image and/or the second test image until a predefined brightness sensitivity perception test condition is fulfilled; acquiring a brightness difference between the first test image and the second test image; and determining a binocular brightness sensitivity of the user under test based on the brightness difference.

Disclosed embodiments may include a device, system and method for providing a low cost device that can measure refractive errors very accurately via attachment to a smart phone. A disclosed device may use ambient light or a light source in simulating the cross cylinder procedure that optometrists use by utilizing the inverse Shack-Hartman technique. The optical device may include an array of lenslets and pinholes that will force the user to effectively focus at different depths. Using an optical device, in conjunction with a smart phone, the user first changes the angle of the axis until he/she sees a cross pattern (the vertical and horizontal lines are equally spaced). The user adjusts the display, typically using the controls on the smartphone, to make the lines come together and overlap, which corresponds to bringing the view into sharp focus, thus determining the appropriate optical prescription for the user.