A battery sensor for detecting a current flowing through an electrical conductor, wherein the battery sensor has at least two mutually independent measuring devices for detecting the current flowing through the electrical conductor. The measuring devices are structurally and/or electrically completely isolated from one another.

A semiconductor module includes a semiconductor die, an encapsulation encapsulating the die, and first and second power contacts electrically coupled to the die. The power contacts each include an external part exposed from the encapsulation and an overlapping part. The power contacts are configured to carry respective first and second currents. A current flow of the first current in the external part of the first power contact points into or out of the semiconductor module. A current flow of the second current in the external part of the second power contact points in the opposite direction of the first current flow. The overlapping parts overlap such that the current flows point in the same direction in the overlapping parts. The overlapping parts include overlapping slots configured to accept a current sensor element for measuring a combined current in the overlapping parts.

A sensor includes: a reference magnetic field generator configured to generate a reference magnetic field that is modulated at a first frequency, a first magnetic field sensing element that is configured to generate a first internal signal that is modulated at a second frequency, and a second magnetic field sensing element that is configured to generate a second internal signal that is modulated at the second frequency. A first amplifier is configured to receive the first internal signal and output a first amplified signal; and a second amplifier is configured to receive the second internal signal and output a second amplified signal. A gain adjustment circuit is configured to produce a gain adjustment signal and adjust a gain of at least one of the first amplifier and the second amplifier based on the gain adjustment signal.

A circuit breaker comprises a solid-state bidirectional switch, a switch control circuit, current and voltage sensors, and a processor. The solid-state bidirectional switch is connected between a line input terminal and a load output terminal of the circuit breaker, and configured to be placed in a switched-on state and a switched-off state. The switch control circuit control operation of the bidirectional switch. The current sensor is configured to sense a magnitude of current flowing in an electrical path between the line input and load output terminals and generate a current sense signal. The voltage sensor is configured to sense a magnitude of voltage on the electrical path and generate a voltage sense signal. The processor is configured to process the current and voltage sense signals to determine operational status information of the circuit breaker, a fault event, and power usage information of a load connected to the load output terminal.

An integrated sensor and method for manufacturing the sensor includes a first component having a first material with a predetermined first value of coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and a second component over the first component. The second component includes a second material with a predetermined second value of CTE different from the first value. An interlayer is provided by molecular layer deposition, for minimizing stress caused by coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch between the first and second components. The interlayer includes an organic-inorganic hybrid polymer compound.

A method of manufacture of a sensor and a sensor for sensing a magnetic field generated by a current in a conductive substrate includes a first substrate having a sensing element for sensing magnetic field, and a second substrate is the conductive substrate. A conformal layer is provided by atomic layer deposition between the first substrate and the second substrate, thus protecting at least the sensing element from discharge from the second substrate.

Provided is a current detection device including a first stacked board; a second stacked board provided on a first region on the first stacked board; a third stacked board provided on a second region on the first stacked board; a magnetic measurement element provided in a third region on the first stacked board, the magnetic element provided between the first region and the second region; and a first coil provided on the magnetic measurement element or below the magnetic measurement element.

A sensor system for measuring a physical quantity includes: a bridge sensor having at least two terminal pairs, a current source for applying a bias current between the bias terminal pair, resulting in a differential sensor signal on a readout terminal pair, wherein the differential sensor signal is indicative for the physical quantity, and an amplifier comprising a first input node and a second input node for receiving the differential signal and at least one output node, wherein the amplifier is configured for amplifying the differential sensor signal and putting the resulting signal on the at least one output node, wherein the sensor system is configured such that, in operation, the amplifier is powered by at least part of the bias current.

A test and measurement instrument for measuring a current in a device under test, comprising an input configured to receive signals from a magnetic field probe; and one or more processors configured to measure, from a signal from the magnetic field probe, a magnetic field generated by a current-carrying conductor of the device under test based on a known current, determine a calibration factor based on the known current and the magnetic field, and generate a calibrated measurement of an unknown current in the current-carrying conductor using a magnetic field generated by the current-carrying conductor based on the unknown current and the calibration factor.

A wireless tracking device includes circuit components, a battery, and a circuit connecting the circuit components and the battery. The circuit components include a first wireless communication system, a processor, a memory or storage, and a first sensor operable to measure conditions of the wireless tracking device. The wireless tracking device is configured to attach to an overhead electrical line and detect failure events that are experienced by the overhead electrical line based on sensor data monitored by the wireless tracking device.