A method is for measuring phase currents of a device under test, in particular of an inverter, in which a sensor arrangement, which has a component including a crystal lattice with a defect, is arranged in a region of the device under test. The method includes using the sensor arrangement to detect a magnetic field formed by a vector of magnetic fields, the magnetic fields each in turn being brought about by one of the phase currents of the device under test, and calculating a vector of the phase currents from the vector of the magnetic fields based on a coefficient matrix.

In order to measure a voltage, an electro-optic element is placed in an electrical field generated by the voltage, and light is passed from a light source through a Faraday rotator and the electro-optic element onto a reflector and from there back through the electro-optic element and the Faraday rotator, thereby generating a voltage-dependent phase shift between two polarizations of the light. The interference contrast as well as a principal value of the total phase shift between said polarizations are measured and converted to a complex value having an absolute value equal to the contrast and a phase equal to the principal value. This complex value is offset and scaled using calibration values in order to calculate a compensated complex value. The voltage is derived from the compensated complex value.

An inspection apparatus includes a tester unit that applies a stimulus signal to a semiconductor apparatus, an MO crystal arranged to face a semiconductor apparatus, a light source that outputs light, an optical scanner that irradiates the MO crystal with light output from light source, a light detector that detects light reflected from the MO crystal arranged to face the semiconductor apparatus D and outputs a detection signal, and a computer that generate phase image data based on a phase difference between a reference signal generated based on a stimulus signal and the detection signal, the phase image data including a phase component indicating the phase difference, and generates an image indicating a path of a current from the phase image data.

A system is disclosed, the system comprising: an electrochemical device generating a magnetic field; and a sensing device comprising: a magneto-optical medium; an electromagnetic radiation source configured to emit polarized electromagnetic radiation through the magneto-optical medium; and a sensor configured to receive polarized electromagnetic radiation which has passed through the magneto-optical medium. The sensing device is arranged relative to the electrochemical device such that the magnetic field of the electrochemical device passes through the magneto-optical medium.

There is described an optical fiber cuing sensor having an opto-electronic module pan (10-2) for detecting an optical phase shift induced by the measurand field in a sensing fiber (12), a sensor head (10-1) including the sensing fiber (12), wherein the sensing fiber (12) is a spun highly-birefringent fiber having a length L=ds defined by the line integral along the space curve given by the sensing fiber coil such that the length L of the sensing fiber (12) is sufficiently long to suppress thermal signal instabilities due to the spun character of the sensing fiber (12) while the effective number of fiber windings is low enough to maintain a maximum sensitivity over the full measurement range of the fiber-optical sensor (10).

The invention relates to a measurement device (1) for measuring a current in at least one cable shield of an electrical transmission grid using the Zeeman effect in the presence of a magnetic field (B.sub.T) from the environment, in particular the Earth's magnetic field or magnetic noise, comprising: at least one assembly of one or more measurement cells (3, 3), at least one source of polarized light (7), at least one polarimetry system (11), in which the assembly of one or more measurement cells (3, 3) is configured so as to define at least one pair of first and second measurement sections (I.sub.1, I.sub.2), the measurement sections (I.sub.1, I.sub.2) of a pair being parallel and arranged perpendicular to a conductor (31) that is connected to the cable shield and on the opposite sides of the conductor (31), the polarized beam of light (9) flowing through the second measurement section (I.sub.2) in the opposite direction with respect to through the first section (I.sub.1) so that the contributions of the magnetic field from the environment to the first parameter in the first and second measurement sections (I.sub.1, I.sub.2) cancel each other out.

A solid-state spin sensor system for battery inspection is disclosed for detecting magnetic fields generated by currents within a battery. The system comprises a solid-state substrate, typically diamond, embedded with an ensemble of color centers such as a nitrogen-vacancy centers. It includes a magnetic field generator to provide a bias magnetic field, an optical driving system to optically excite the defect, and an optical sensor to measure the fluorescence intensity. The control system controls the current flowing between the battery terminals and generates a spatially resolved map of the magnetic field produced by this current, allowing for the identification of defects.

A MOCT metering system includes a cutoff module that ensures zero output when values from an optical module fall below a threshold value. The cutoff module includes an RMS to DC converter that drives a comparator. The comparator drives a switch that causes the cutoff module to pass through the measured signal unmodified if above a threshold value and to output a zero voltage signal if below a threshold value.

A two-axes MEMS magnetometer includes, in one plane, a freestanding rectangular frame having inner walls and four torsion springs, wherein opposing inner walls of the frame are contacted by one end of only two torsion springs, each torsion spring being anchored by its other end, towards the center of the frame, to a substrate. In operation, the magnetometer measures the magnetic field in two orthogonal sensing modes using differential capacitance measurements.