A method for the correction of synchronization errors Δt in the measurement of the impedance of an electrical or electrochemical component, more particularly a lithium ion cell is provided. In general, synchronization errors in an impedance measurement can arise between the excitation and response signals, which can misrepresent the phase of the impedance value obtained. According to the method, the synchronization error can be determined by measuring the impedance at two different frequencies and solving an optimization problem in respect of the deviation of the phases from an equivalent circuit diagram, which comprises at least one resistance and an inductance. The phase of the impedance value obtained can be corrected in this way.

Transmission-line voltage measurements in a digital-electricity power system are validated by acquiring a series of transmission-line voltage measurements during a sample period when a transmitter-disconnect device is in a non-conducting state. A numerical analysis is performed to determine a point in time at which AC components in the transmission line have diminished and at which the primary change in the transmission-line voltage measurement values is due to DC decay. A receiver acquires a series of receiver-voltage measurements during the same sample period; and a numerical analysis is performed on the receiver-voltage measurements to determine the point in time at which the AC components have diminished and where the primary change in the transmission-line voltage measurement values is due to DC decay. The transmitter-disconnect device is then placed in a non-conducting state based on an evaluation of those measurements.

A universal measurement input for connecting a small signal transformer to an electrical device includes an electrical input for connecting a connection line of the small signal transformer, an electrical output for outputting a measurement signal to the electrical device, and a correction element having a digital filter with a filter transfer function adapted to the small signal transformer. In order to provide a measurement input with which all possible types of small signal transformers can be connected to an electrical device and which thus reduces the device variety of measurement inputs which are to be provided, the filter transfer function of the correction element is defined by a parameter set to be variably preset specifically for the small signal transformer. An electrical device with the measurement input is also provided.

A current measurement system comprising a multi-phase open loop current transducer for measuring phase currents (I.sub.1, I.sub.2, I.sub.3) flowing in a plurality n of primary conductors of a multi-phase electrical system. The transducer comprises a housing, a magnetic core including first and second core parts and a plurality n+1 of magnetic field detectors mounted in the housing between the first and second core parts in which portions of the primary conductors traversing the current transducer housing are positioned. The system further comprises a non-volatile memory in which information on at least one coupling matrix (K), pre-defined in a calibration procedure, is stored.

Embodiments of the present application provide a multi-channel signal synchronization system, circuit, and method. The multi-channel signal synchronization system comprises a clock signal generation module, a synchronization signal generation module, and signal receiving modules; the clock signal generation module is configured to generate a first clock signal; the synchronization signal generation module is configured to generate a synchronization signal based on the first clock signal and transmit the synchronization signal to the clock signal generation module; the clock signal generation module generates second clock signals on the basis of the synchronization signal and transmits the second clock signals to the signal receiving modules; the synchronization signal generation module transmits the synchronization signal to the signal receiving modules.

Provided are an analog-to-digital (AD) converter, a sensor system, and a test system capable of reducing the time for test processing. AD converter includes input part, AD conversion part, first output part, and second output part. The analog signal output from sensor is input to input part. AD conversion part digitally converts an analog signal to generate first digital data and second digital data. First output part outputs the first digital data to control circuit. Second output part outputs the second digital data to test controller before first output part outputs the first digital data. In the test mode, test controller determines whether or not sensor system including sensor is in an abnormal state on the basis of the second digital data.

Disclosed are a current-sampling method, a chip, and a sampling apparatus for a phase current of a motor. The sampling method includes: identifying whether a waveform of a current period falls at a boundary of a sector region where a phase current of at least one phase is unable to be collected; determining a first duty cycle and a transforming channel mode for a channel of the at least one phase; storing the first duty cycle and the transforming channel mode in a buffer, and enabling a direct memory access (DMA) mode to the buffer at the same time; transforming a part of the waveform of the current period by configuring the channel of the at least one phase with the first duty cycle and the transforming channel mode; and acquiring the phase current of the at least one phase based on a transformed waveform of the current period.

In the field of fault location within a power transmission network, a method of determining a fault location in a power transmission conduit includes: (a) sampling at an original sampling frequency a signal propagating through the power transmission conduit to establish a first data set including a plurality of sampled signal characteristics; (b) interpolating the first data set to establish a second data set including an increased number of signal characteristics whereby the second data set has an equivalent sampling frequency higher than the original sampling frequency; (c) identifying a fault wave signal within the second data set; and (d) utilising the propagation characteristics of the fault wave signal to determine the origin of the fault wave signal within the power transmission conduit.

Systems and methods for non-intrusive program tracing of a device are disclosed. The methods involve generating a program trace signal from at least one of power consumption and electromagnetic emission of the device; digitizing and decomposing the program trace signal into at least two digital program trace component signals including a low frequency program trace component and one or more high frequency program trace component signals; classifying fragments of the at least two digital program trace component signals of the program trace signal as at least one of a known portion of program code and an observed behavior of the device. Each of the at least two digital program trace component signals have different frequency bands and the bandwidth of each program trace component signal is smaller than the bandwidth of the program trace signal. Each of the high frequency program trace component signals include an envelope.

Examples of operating an Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) during power swings, are described. In an example, voltage measurements for a phase is received and sampled. Root mean square (RMS) values of the voltage samples is calculated based on the voltage measurements. Delta quantities for each phase are calculated based on the RMS values. Each of the RMS values and delta quantities are associated with respective sampling instants. In response to a delta quantity being greater than a predefined threshold, a peak delta quantity is detected. A time interval between a sampling instant associated with the peak delta quantity and a sampling instant associated with a first delta quantity is determined. Based on a comparison of the time interval with a threshold time, a disturbance condition may be detected as a power swing and consequently, fault detection at the IED may be blocked.