A processor receives an indication of a fault from a first isolation device. The processor sends a first open command to a downstream isolation device downstream of the fault, identifies a tie-in isolation device, and identifies a line section without current monitoring positioned between the tie-in isolation device and the downstream isolation device. The line section has a plurality of line segments, each having a load rating. The processor receives incoming and exiting current measurements for the line section and estimates a first current load for each of the line segments in the line section based on the incoming and exiting current measurements and the load ratings. The processor selects an intermediate isolation device between the tie-in isolation device and the downstream isolation device based on the first current loads, sends a second open command to the intermediate isolation device, and sends a close command to the tie-in isolation device.

A method, a system and a tangible product and non-transitory computer program are provided to automatically identify electrical installations in an electrical distribution system that are likely to exhibit an electrical non-conformity (ENC). The method requires only electrical profiles collected from meters and IT tools, without the need for any other sub-metering equipment. The method includes the steps of recovering electrical profiles generated by the meters; applying algorithmic processing associated with indicators of an ENC on the profiles; and identifying electrical installations likely to exhibit an ENC, according to the indicators that have met their target conditions. The method may include the recovery of local meteorological data and nominal data related to the electrical installations to confirm or deny that the identified electrical installations are likely to be non-conforming.

A method for a direct current (DC) islanding detection based on positive feedback of a bus voltage at a specific frequency, essentially including three steps: extraction of a specific frequency component of the bus voltage, injection of a disturbance component of the specific frequency, and determination of DC islanding. The extraction of the specific frequency component of the bus voltage and the injection of the disturbance component of the specific frequency constitute a positive feedback mechanism in a power management unit control loop. In a grid-connected mode of a DC grid, the positive feedback mechanism fails due to a control action of a voltage management unit on a bus, and the bus voltage remains stable. In an islanding mode of the DC grid, under an action of the positive feedback mechanism, the power management unit allows the bus voltage to generate a self-excited oscillation at the specific frequency.

A method for generating an error signal indicating an error type of an error in a multi-phase electrical energy supply network. Measured values describe a current operating state of the network. The measured values are transmitted to a protection device. An evaluating device evaluates every possible loop of the network that can be affected with respect to the recognition of the error type of an error, by using the measured values. In order to be able to more reliably recognize the error type even under different network conditions, the measured values and/or values derived from the measured values are evaluated using at least two different protection criteria, for every possible loop. Each of the protection criteria is suitable for indicating an error type of an error present in the evaluated loop, and the error signal is generated in consideration of all available evaluation results of the protection criteria.

Safety power disconnection for remote power distribution in power distribution systems is disclosed. The power distribution system includes one or more power distribution circuits each configured to remotely distribute power from a power source over current carrying power conductors to remote units to provide power for remote unit operations. A remote unit is configured to decouple power from the power conductors thereby disconnecting the load of the remote unit from the power distribution system. A current measurement circuit in the power distribution system measures current flowing on the power conductors and provides a current measurement to the controller circuit. The controller circuit is configured to disconnect the power source from the power conductors for safety reasons in response to detecting a current from the power source in excess of a threshold current level indicating a load.

A test system and method for relay connection and testing of a power transmission and distribution grid including a fixed connection block connected to the power transmission and distribution grid, and a mobile plug which connects the fixed connection block or a mobile test block with the relay when the mobile plug is inserted into the fixed connection block or the mobile test block. The mobile test block provides a connection to an external relay testing device when the mobile test plug is inserted into the mobile test block, the fixed connection block provides internal shorting that is activated when the mobile plug is not inserted into the fixed connection block and is deactivated when the mobile plug is inserted into the fixed connection block, and the fixed connection block, mobile plug, and the mobile test block provides an interaction between a power transmission and distribution grid side and a relay side. This allows a quick recovery when relays are damaged in a cyber-attack.

An electrical continuity detection system may comprise a plurality of identification tags placed on an electrically conductive object, and configured to respond to an injection signal on the electrically conductive object with a response, and a monitoring device coupled to the electrically conductive object and configured to generate the injection signal and an injection signal on the electrically conductive object, receive the response from one or more of the plurality of tags, receive a return signal from the electrically conductive object, determine a characteristic of the electrically conductive object based on the received responses and return signals, and generate a notification based on the characteristic.

Fault location determination in a power transmission system is described. Samples of voltage and current measured are obtained for each phase at a terminal. A first equivalent reactance value based on the samples of voltage and current is calculated. Further, based on the calculated equivalent reactance value a first fault location is determined.

System and methods for locating events and/or devices on a network are described.

A grounded socket and a method for insulation fault location in an ungrounded power supply system including insulation monitoring by a standard insulation monitoring device superimposing a measuring voltage on the ungrounded power supply system for determining an insulation resistance of the ungrounded power supply system. The grounded socket includes a housing having electrical contacts, a signaling device for signaling an insulation state, and a current measuring device for detecting and evaluating a differential current, the current measuring device having a measuring current transformer and evaluating electronics, and the current measuring device being configured for high-resolution detection and evaluation of a measuring current driven by the measuring voltage as a differential measuring current.