A method of monitoring electrical faults includes processing features of signals output by sensors of a circuit breaker about electrical properties of a circuit coupled with a load and transitioning between states of operation based on the processed features. The states include a normal state, a fault state, and a trip state, wherein the state remains in the normal state until the processed features no longer satisfy normal criteria, after which the state transitions to the fault state, wherein the state transitions back to the normal state when a trip condition is not satisfied, and transitions from the fault state to the trip state when the trip condition is satisfied. The method further includes detecting a warning event when the state transitions from the normal state to the fault state and back to the normal state and outputting a warning event notification upon detection of the warning event.

A meter including a phase conductor connected to a phase line of the network, a cut-off member, and a detection circuit comprising: an injection chain arranged, while the cut-off member is open, to generate a test signal with a predetermined voltage level, and arranged to inject the test signal into the phase conductor downstream from the cut-off member; a measurement chain arranged to measure an intermediate voltage level of the test signal at a measurement point of the injection chain, which point is situated between the generator component and the injection component; a processor component arranged to act as a function of the intermediate voltage level in order to determine whether the circuit breaker is open or closed.

The modification method for the gas density relay, the gas density relay with the online self-check function and the check method thereof provided by this application are used for high-voltage and medium-voltage electrical equipment, including a gas density relay body, a gas density detection sensor, a temperature regulating mechanism, an online check contact signal sampling unit and an intelligent control unit. Regulate temperature rise and fall of the temperature compensation element of the gas density relay body through the temperature regulating mechanism, which leads to a contact action of the gas density relay body, the contact action is transferred to the intelligent control unit through the online check contact signal sampling unit, and the intelligent control unit detects the operating value and/or return value of the contact signal of the gas density relay body based on the density value at the time of contact action. The gas density relay check can be completed without maintainer at the site, so as to realize free maintenance, greatly improve the reliability of power grid, increase work efficiency and reduce the cost.

The invention relates to a battery system (10) for an electric vehicle, comprising a battery pack (5) having a positive pole (22), a negative pole (21), at least one battery cell (2) and a pack voltage divider (25), and comprising at least one coupling network having a negative terminal (11) and a positive terminal (12), wherein the pack voltage divider (25) comprises a positive pack resistor (RP2) and a positive sub-pack-resistor (RSP2) which are connected to one another in series between the positive pole (22) and a reference point (50), and a negative pack resistor (RP1) and a negative sub-pack-resistor (RSP1) which are connected to one another in series between the negative pole (21) and the reference point (50). The at least one coupling network comprises a coupling voltage divider (15) having a positive coupling resistor (RK2) and a positive sub-coupling-resistor (RSK2) which are connected to one another in series between the positive terminal (12) and the reference point (50), and having a negative coupling resistor (RK1) an a negative sub-coupling-rcsistor (RSK1) which are connected to one another in series between the negative terminal (11) and the reference point (50). The invention also relates to a method for diagnosing a battery system (10) according to the invention, wherein a positive pack voltage (UP2) falling at the positive sub-pack-resistor (RSP2) is measured, a negative pack voltage (UP1) falling at the negative sub-pack-rcsistor (RSP I) is measured, a positive coupling voltage (UK2) falling at the positive sub-coupling-resistor (RSK2) is measured, a negative coupling voltage (UK1) falling at the negative sub-coupling-resistor (RSK1) is measured, and an evaluation of the measured voltages (UP1, UP2, UK1, UK2) is carried out. The invention also relates to an electric vehicle comprising a battery system (10) according to the invention.

A method for diagnosing failure of a current breaking device 21A included in a power supply system 12 of a vehicle 1 includes: a supply step of supplying power to a first electric load 11 and a first energy storage apparatus 13 by a power supply apparatus 14; a command step of commanding the current breaking device 21A to perform cutoff while power is supplied from the power supply apparatus 14 to the first electric load 11 and the first energy storage apparatus 13; and a determination step of measuring a charge current of a secondary battery 20A by a current sensor 21B while the cutoff is commanded to the current breaking device 21A, and determining presence or absence of failure of the current breaking device 21A based on a measured current value.

A solid state switch (SSS) monitoring system of an electronic device includes a SSS sensing component that is electrically coupled to a solid state switch. The SSS sensing component generates a switch state signal to indicate a corresponding one of an actuated and an unactuated state of the solid state switch. A controller is communicatively coupled to the SSS sensing component. The controller restarts the SSS sensing component in response to determining that the SSS sensing component is in an inoperative state.

A ZSI testing apparatus includes a fault generation circuit, a plurality of cable assemblies coupled to the fault generation circuit, wherein the cable assemblies are structured to be selectively coupled to selected circuit interrupters, a human machine interface, and a controller coupled. The controller is configured to: (i) selectively cause a fault current to be provided to a number of the cable assemblies, (ii) receive an input from each circuit interrupter that is coupled to one of the cable assemblies, each input being indicative of a trip signal output of the circuit interrupter, (iii) determine based on the received inputs (a) that an error has occurred with respect to operation of the circuit interrupters and (b) a recommendation for fixing the error, and (iv) cause an output indicative of the error and the recommendation to be provided on the human machine interface.

Various embodiments of the teachings herein include a switching device for a DC voltage grid. The device may include: a first controllable semiconductor switch with a control contact and two load contacts; and a controller for the first switch using a control signal at the control contact. The controller is configured to: actuate the first switch using a control pulse that causes the electrical conductivity of the semiconductor switch to reduce for less than 1 ms; apply a current to a test circuit including the first switch; ascertain a first value representing the voltage or the change in voltage across the first switch as a result of the control pulse and the applied current; analyzing the first value; and generating a signal that represents the functionality of the first semiconductor switch.

A testing system includes a truck carrying a circuit breaker, a fixed contact, and an actuator piston connected to a movable contact. A test platform supports the truck in a contact testing position and includes a sensor circuit mounted on the test platform and positioned under the truck and aligned with the circuit breaker when the truck is on the test platform in the contact testing position. The sensor circuit is configured to acquire displacement data of the actuator piston when the movable electrical contact is moved between the open and closed positions. A controller is coupled to the sensor circuit and configured to receive the displacement data and determine electrical contact erosion within the circuit breaker.

Systems and methods for automatically verifying that power relays have been disconnected include relays arranged between two power sources. Test nodes are positioned between the relays on each line, and feed into a detection circuit. Voltage drop resistors, voltage drop diodes, an optocoupler, and additional resistors and capacitors are used to provide voltage isolation for the detection circuit. Relays are methodically opened and closed to check the individual functioning of each relay, and a digital signal generated from the detection circuit. The design of the system with detection circuit isolation provides a safer and lower cost system for verifying that relays are operating correctly, with less costly components than traditional systems.