A method of detecting safe and other states of battery while electric vehicle is being driven controls an inverter to generate ripple current on the battery; ripple voltages of a plurality of battery cells are measured, voltage phase shifts between the battery cells are calculated. The battery can be analyzed as normal or otherwise according to the voltage phase shift between plurality of the battery cells. A vehicle-mounted device and a non-volatile storage medium therein, for performing the above-described method, are also disclosed.

A method of detecting safe and other states of battery while electric vehicle is being driven controls an inverter to generate ripple current on the battery; ripple voltages of a plurality of battery cells are measured, voltage phase shifts between the battery cells are calculated. The battery can be analyzed as normal or otherwise according to the voltage phase shift between plurality of the battery cells. A vehicle-mounted device and a non-volatile storage medium therein, for performing the above-described method, are also disclosed.

An apparatus and method for testing a secondary battery. The apparatus includes a test path, test terminals provided at two ends of the test path and electrically connected to a positive terminal and a negative terminal of the secondary battery respectively, a sensor unit provided on the test path and configured to measure a discharge current of the secondary battery, a constant voltage generation unit provided on the test path and configured to maintain a constant voltage between the secondary battery and the sensor unit, and a control unit configured to receive data indicating the discharge current from the sensor unit, measure an inflection point on a profile of the discharge current, measure an intensity of the discharge current on the basis of the inflection point, and test a level of self-discharge of the secondary battery based on the intensity of the discharge current.

An apparatus and method for testing a secondary battery. The apparatus includes a test path, test terminals provided at two ends of the test path and electrically connected to a positive terminal and a negative terminal of the secondary battery respectively, a sensor unit provided on the test path and configured to measure a discharge current of the secondary battery, a constant voltage generation unit provided on the test path and configured to maintain a constant voltage between the secondary battery and the sensor unit, and a control unit configured to receive data indicating the discharge current from the sensor unit, measure an inflection point on a profile of the discharge current, measure an intensity of the discharge current on the basis of the inflection point, and test a level of self-discharge of the secondary battery based on the intensity of the discharge current.

A voltage measuring apparatus is configured to measure voltages of respective battery cells of a battery cell array including a plurality of battery cell groups each including a predetermined number of battery cells connected in series. The voltage measuring apparatus includes a plurality of measuring units each provided for each of the battery cell groups. The adjacent measuring units are connected through a communication channel so as to perform current communication therebetween. A bidirectional diode circuit element is connected to the communication channel extending between the adjacent measuring units.

A method for determining a reference energy profile has comparing a first course and a second course. The first course describes an energy absorption of a first battery during a first charge cycle. The second course describes the energy absorption of the first or a second battery during a second charge cycle which follows after the first charge cycle. The comparison is performed for a plurality of time intervals. The method has determining a deviation between the first and the second course for each of the plurality of time intervals. In addition, the method has determining an amount of electrical energy based on the deviation for each of the time intervals, wherein the amount of electrical energy describes a preset default value of the reference energy profile for an amount of energy to be fed to a battery to be formed during a formation process of the battery to be formed for each of the time intervals.

A pluggable state-of-charge (SOC) indicator and methods of use are disclosed. The pluggable SOC indicator includes at least one voltage input jack for connecting to a battery, at least one instance of control electronics, and at least one SOC indicator, such as a 5-bar liquid crystal display (LCD). Embodiments of the pluggable SOC indicator include, but are not limited to, a pluggable single-connector SOC indicator, a pluggable dual-connector SOC indicator, a pluggable tri-connector SOC indicator, and a pluggable quad-connector SOC indicator. Further, the control electronics are programmable for any input voltage range and/or battery discharge characteristics.

A pluggable state-of-charge (SOC) indicator and methods of use are disclosed. The pluggable SOC indicator includes at least one voltage input jack for connecting to a battery, at least one instance of control electronics, and at least one SOC indicator, such as a 5-bar liquid crystal display (LCD). Embodiments of the pluggable SOC indicator include, but are not limited to, a pluggable single-connector SOC indicator, a pluggable dual-connector SOC indicator, a pluggable tri-connector SOC indicator, and a pluggable quad-connector SOC indicator. Further, the control electronics are programmable for any input voltage range and/or battery discharge characteristics.

Systems and apparatus may carry out analysis of battery physical phenomena, and characterize batteries based on phenomena occurring in particular time and/or frequency domains. These systems may be additionally responsible for charging and/or monitoring a rechargeable battery. Examples of battery physical phenomena include mass transport (e.g., diffusion and/or migration) in battery electrolytes, mass transport in battery electrodes, and reactions on battery electrodes.

In an arithmetic system, a data acquisition unit acquires operation data at least including a voltage of a battery mounted on an identical product (for example, an electrically-driven vehicle of an identical vehicle type) and a state of charge (SOC) from a plurality of individuals of the product via a network. A detector statistically processes the plurality of pieces of acquired operation data to detect an individual on which a battery different from specifications of the product is mounted.