Apparatus and methods for apparatus positioning are provided. Solution includes receiving (300) by an apparatus from a network element a signal having multipath propagated signal components and obtaining time domain samples of the multipath propagated signal components, mapping (302) the time domain samples to one or more frequency offset-delay pairs to obtain frequency offsets and delays of the received multipath propagated signal components, calculating (304) angle of arrival of one or more multipath propagated signal components, determining (306) the multipath propagated signal component corresponding to the direct propagation path between the apparatus and the network element, and controlling (308) the utilisation of the angle of arrival and delay of the multipath propagated signal component corresponding to the direct propagation path in the determination of the location of the apparatus.

Disclosed is an approach to enable optimized GNSS augmentation via learning at a mobile device. In particular, the mobile device could identify device-specific GNSS rescue area(s), the device-specific GNSS rescue area(s) corresponding to geographic area(s) visited by the mobile device in which (i) at least one GNSS-based position estimate is or was unavailable and (ii) the mobile device had demand for positioning data of at least a particular quality level. The mobile device could then receive, from positioning server(s), an offline radio map representing radio data only for the device-specific GNSS rescue area(s), and could store the offline radio map in a local data storage device. In turn, the mobile device could perform position estimation(s) using the offline radio map representing radio data only for the device-specific GNSS rescue area(s).

Systems and methods are provided for determining location area of mobile user devices. In a mobile device, a first area probability as a likelihood that the mobile device is located within a first area and a second area probability indicative of the mobile device being located within a second area may be determined, with the first area probability determined based on a first probability and a second probability, and the second area probability determined based on a third probability and a fourth probability. The first probability, second probability, third probability, and fourth probability are determined based on assessing strength received in the respective area from a first base station or a second base station. A determination of whether the mobile device is located in the first area or the second area is made based on the first area probability and the second area probability.

A system and/or method include top and bottom substrates, and a flexible printed circuit assembly. The circuit assembly can be positioned between the top and bottom substrates. The circuit assembly can include a flexible printed circuit board, a microcontroller associated with the printed circuit board, the microcontroller having a media message programmed therein, a power-limited source of electrical energy associated with the printed circuit board, a playback device associated with the printed circuit board, the playback device being configured to play the media message, and an initiation device associated with the printed circuit board, the initiation device being configured to cause the playback device to play the media message. The printed circuit board can also include a plurality of conductive traces printed on the printed circuit board which electrically interconnect the microcontroller, the power-limited source of electrical energy, the playback device, and the initiation device.

A system for accurate positioning of a communication devices includes a plurality of positioning cells configured for synchronizing to the cellular network and to each other, and for emitting positioning signals during time intervals proximal to time points at which the cellular network emits synchronization signals. In the manner, the positioning signals reach the communication device when the communication device's antenna is on for listening to a synchronization signal of the cellular network. Processing the times of arrival of the positioning signals by a server in communication with the communication device enables accurate positioning of the communication device.

There is provided a method comprising receiving at least one measured signal characteristic from a user equipment, the user equipment being located at a user equipment location; comparing the at least one measured signal characteristic to at least one of a plurality of signal characteristics, each signal characteristic being associated with a respective measurement point; and determining, based on the comparing, a probability that the user equipment location is a first location.

A device may determine a set of orientations or relative displacements at a set of locations. The set of locations may include at least a first location and a second location. The device may determine a set of sensor measurements relating to one or more measurable parameters at the set of locations. The device may determine, based on the set of orientations or relative displacements at the set of locations and the set of sensor measurements relating to the one or more measurable parameters at the set of locations, a path relating to the set of locations. The device may perform an action based on determining the path.

In accordance with the disclosed approach, positioning server(s) could receive, from mobile devices, information indicating a plurality of GNSS rescue areas, each respective GNSS rescue area of the plurality of GNSS rescue areas corresponding to a respective geographic area visited by a respective one of the mobile devices in which (i) at least one GNSS-based position estimate is or was unavailable and (ii) the respective mobile device had demand for positioning data of at least a particular quality level. Given this, the server(s) could generate a GNSS rescue map representing radio data for the plurality of GNSS rescue areas. In this way, the server(s) could transmit, to a mobile device, an offline radio map representing a subset of the GNSS rescue map, to provide radio data for at least one of the GNSS rescue areas or portion thereof.

The disclosure includes implementations for determining a position of a vehicle using millimeter wave narrow beamforming. A method may include receiving a set of training packets that each uniquely identify a position on a portion of a roadway where the vehicle is located. Each of the training packets included in the set may be associated with only one of the millimeter wave narrow beams. The method may include identifying a training packet included in the set of training packets that has a highest receive power level among the set of training packets. The method may include determining the position uniquely identified by the training packet having the highest receive power level. The method may include determining positional information for the vehicle based on the position uniquely identified by the training packet having the highest receive power level. The positional information may describe a location of the vehicle on the roadway.

A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium stores therein a program that causes a computer to execute a process. The process includes calculating, for each of a plurality of grids through which a track of a specific vessel passes, an angle of approach and an angle of exit of the track, respectively; extracting a grid for which the angle of approach and the angle of exit conform to a determining condition set for each of the grids based on the determining condition; and determining whether the specific vessel has taken an avoidance behavior based on a relative distance from another vessel corresponding to a position of the specific vessel in a track in the extracted grid.