An electronically steerable phased array and switching network connected to an FMCW radar transceiver to enable a low-cost monopulse tracking system that covers a wide field of regard using electronic beam steering. In a first mode, beamformer integrated circuits (BFICs) at each element in the array are switched synchronously with transmit/receive (T/R) switches located at the subarray level. This allows the entire aperture to be switched between transmission and reception, enabling the FMCW radar transceiver to be operated in a pulsed configuration. In a second mode, a portion of the T/R switches at the subarray level and all of the connecting BFICs at the element level are fixed in either transmitting or receiving mode, allowing separate portions of the aperture to concurrently transmit or receive. The arrangement of transmitting and receiving subarrays can be dynamically reconfigured to allow for accurate bearing and azimuth estimation using alternating monopulse.

A pulsed radar level gauge comprising a pulse generator configured to generate a transmit signal (S.sub.T) in the form of a pulse train, a propagation device connected to direct the transmit signal (S.sub.T) into a tank and return a microwave return signal (S.sub.R), a receiver, sampling circuitry configured to provide a time expanded tank signal, and processing circuitry for determining said filling level based on the time expanded tank signal. The gauge further comprises impedance increasing circuitry arranged to ensure that an input impedance of the receiver is at least 2 kΩ and a delay line arranged between said receiver and said propagation device, the delay line configured to introduce a delay greater than said pulse duration, such that said time expanded signal includes a transmitted pulse.

A bi-static radar system configured for coherent detection of a radar-signal includes a plurality of radar-transceivers, a controller, and a communications device. The plurality of radar-transceivers is characterized as physically spaced apart with respect to each other. The controller is in communication with the each of the radar-transceivers and is configured to coherently operate each of the radar-transceivers. The communications device communicates both a reference-clock signal and a frame-sync signal from the controller to each of the plurality of radar-transceivers whereby the plurality of radar-transceivers operate coherently. Alternatively, the system may include a reference-signal generator, a transmitter, and a plurality of receivers. The reference-signal generator generates a reference-signal characterized by a reference-frequency proportional to a fraction of a radar-frequency of a radar-signal transmitted. The transmitter generates the radar-signal at the radar-frequency based on the reference-signal. The plurality of receivers operates coherently to detect the radar-signal based on the reference-signal.

A double-sided board includes a first-type conductor layer, a second-type conductor layer, a waveguide-filled dielectric layer and a waveguide. The waveguide-filled dielectric layer is a dielectric layer provided between the first-type conductor layer and the second-type conductor layer. The waveguide is provided in such a manner as to penetrate the waveguide-filled dielectric layer in a direction from one of the first-type conductor layer and the second-type conductor layer to the other of the two conductor layers. A cross section of the waveguide in a plane parallel to the first-type conductor layer has a longitudinal direction and a lateral direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The cross section of the waveguide has, along the longitudinal direction, a central part and two end parts located respectively on two sides of the central part. A lateral length of each of the end parts is larger than a lateral length of the central part.

An active radio-frequency (RF) sensing technology for determining the relative and/or absolute state (e.g., position, velocity, and/or acceleration) of a target object (e.g., a person, a car, a truck a lamp post, a utility pole, a building) is described. The sensors described herein operate in the Terahertz band (300 GHz to 3 THz). An active RF sensing device comprises a substrate and first and second semiconductor dies mounted on the substrate. The first semiconductor die has an RF transmit antenna array integrated thereon, and the transmit antenna array comprises a first plurality of RF antennas configured to generate an RF signals having frequency content in the 300 GHz-3 THz band. The second semiconductor die has an RF receive antenna array integrated thereon, and the receive antenna array comprises a second plurality of RF antennas configured to receive RF signals having frequency content in the 300 GHz-3 THz band.

A chip package includes a chip configured to generate and/or receive a signal; a laminate substrate including a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) for carrying the signal, the substrate integrated waveguide including a chip-to-SIW transition structure configured to couple the signal between the SIW and the chip and a SIW-to-waveguide transition structure configured to couple the signal out of the SIW or into the SIW, wherein the SIW-to-waveguide transition structure includes a waveguide aperture; and a plurality of electrical interfaces arranged about a periphery of the waveguide aperture, the plurality of electrical interfaces configured to receive the signal from the SIW-to-waveguide transition structure and output the signal from the chip package or to couple the signal to the SIW-to-waveguide transition structure and into the chip package.

An integrated circuit includes a passive component having a first metal feature and a second metal feature, the first metal feature and the second metal feature defining an interior area therebetween. The integrated circuit also includes set of spaced metal fill lines extending across the interior area and oriented to carry current orthogonal to current carried by the first metal feature and second metal feature.

An electronic device capable of reducing a process associated with a radar search is provided. The electronic device DEVa has a transmitting linear array antenna TXA, a receiving linear array antenna RXA, and a control circuit CTLU for controlling the transmitting linear array antenna TXA and the receiving linear array antenna RXA. The transmitting linear array antenna TXA includes a plurality of transmission antennas TXr[1] to TXr[4] arranged along the Z direction, and transmits a transmission wave. The receiving linear array antenna RXA includes a plurality of reception antennas RXr[1] to RXr[4] arranged along an X direction orthogonal to the Z direction, and receives a reflected wave of a transmission wave.

An integrated radar circuit comprising: a first substrate, of a first semiconductor material, said first substrate comprising an integrated transmit and receive radar circuit; a second substrate, of a second semiconductor material, said second substrate comprising at least on through-substrate cavity having cavity walls; at least one discrete transistor chip, of a third semiconductor material, said at least one discrete transistor chip having chip walls and being held in said at least one through-substrate cavity by a metal filling extending from at least one cavity wall to at least one chip wall; a conductor on said second substrate, electrically connecting a portion of said integrated transmit and receive radar circuit to a discrete transistor on said at least one discrete transistor chip.

The disclosed FMCW radar system is configured to achieve a wide synthetic bandwidth of operation and a high range resolution. The disclosed FMCW radar system includes a receiver that combines the intermediate frequency (IF) components of multiple narrowband receivers to achieve the millimeter-scale range resolution. The disclosed FMCW radar system can be easily scaled, which enables it to be deployed in large arrays of antennas in order to attain high angular resolution. Additionally, the operation frequency of the disclosed FMCW radar system enables millimeter level cross-range resolution. In this manner, accurate estimation of the location and/or velocity of the objects within the local-sensing range (and potentially beyond) can be achieved.