An ultrasonic apparatus includes an ultrasonic transducer, a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, a Q-factor measuring circuit, and a frequency measuring circuit. The ultrasonic transducer is a three-terminal ultrasonic transducer that includes a transmitting electrode, a receiving electrode, and a common electrode. The transmitting circuit outputs a driving signal to the transmitting electrode to cause the ultrasonic transducer to transmit ultrasonic waves. The receiving circuit receives a receive signal from the receiving electrode. The frequency measuring circuit measures a resonant frequency of the ultrasonic transducer from a reverberation signal in the receive signal. The Q-factor measuring circuit measures a Q factor of the ultrasonic transducer from the reverberation signal in the receive signal.

A method for determining a sensor degradation status of a first sensor system includes: providing data of the first sensor system to represent the environment; providing data of a second sensor system to represent the environment; determining an individual blindness indicator for the first sensor system on the basis of sensor data exclusively of the first sensor system; determining at least one first environment-related determination variable based on the provided data of the first sensor system; determining at least one second environment-related determination variable based on the provided data of the second sensor system; determining a fusion blindness indicator based on a comparison of the at least one first environment-related determination variable with the at least one second environment-related determination variable; and determining the sensor degradation status of the first sensor system based on of the individual blindness indicator and the fusion blindness indicator.

A shield member electromagnetically shielding at least part of an electric circuit has a first end and a second end. The first end is configured to be constantly connected to a ground wire to electromagnetically shield at least part of the electric circuit; and the second end is configured to be selectively connectable to a power source, the shield member being configured to generate heat when energized while the second end is connected to the power source. Accordingly, the shield member electromagnetically shielding at least the part of the electric circuit can serve as a heater for preventing freezing and snow attachment.

A method for detecting a ground echo signal of an ultrasonic sensor of a vehicle. The ultrasonic sensor emits a signal at a first frequency or having a first frequency profile, the signal is reflected by a roadway surface and the reflected signal is received by the ultrasonic sensor and/or by an additional ultrasonic sensor. The received echo signal is filtered with the aid of a matched filter, the matched filter being adapted to the emitted signal and having a characterizing frequency. In this way a ground echo signal is determined from the filtered signal. The instantaneous vehicle speed is determined and an expected Doppler shift of the reflected signal is determined as a function of the instantaneous vehicle speed. The first frequency or the first frequency profile and/or the characterizing frequency of the matched filter is/are adapted as a function of the Doppler shift to be expected.

Technologies for steering sensors in a sensor carrier structure on an autonomous vehicle (AV) are described herein. In some examples, a sensor positioning platform on an AV can include an actuator system including a motor configured to move and reposition a sensor carrier structure having a plurality of sensors; a motor controller configured to receive instructions for controlling the motor to reposition the sensor carrier structure and, based on the instructions, send to the motor control signals configured to control the motor to reposition the sensor carrier structure; one or more hoses arranged within tubes mounted to a portion of the actuator system and configured to output sensor cleaning substances through a thru-bore on the actuator system; and one or more cleaning systems configured to receive the sensor cleaning substances and spray the sensor cleaning substances on one or more sensors on the sensor carrier structure.

Piezoelectric sensor controllers may facilitate detection and identification of various potential fault states including noise-induced sensor blindness. In one illustrative embodiment, a sensor controller includes: a transmitter to drive a piezoelectric element during actuation intervals to generate acoustic bursts; a receiver to sense a response of the piezoelectric element to echoes of each acoustic burst, the receiver including a front-end amplifier; a processing circuit coupled to the transmitter and to the receiver, the processing circuit operable to apply echo-detection processing to said response; and a blindness detector to detect saturation of the front-end amplifier during or prior to the measurement intervals.

A method for checking a distance measuring device of a transportation vehicle wherein the distance measuring device has ultrasonic sensors. A functional impairment of at least one ultrasonic sensor, a check is performed to determine whether one of the ultrasonic sensors is maladjusted, and an often occurring source of a fault causing a functional impairment of ultrasonic sensors is considered.

A control device includes: an object detector to output a signal for causing a transmitter to transmit an object detection ultrasonic wave, obtain an output signal from a receiver, and detect an object; an abnormality detector to perform, as an abnormality detection process, outputting a signal for causing the transmitter to transmit an abnormality detection ultrasonic wave whose transmission time is longer than that of the object detection ultrasonic wave, obtaining, from the receiver, an output signal in a period in which the abnormality detection ultrasonic wave is to be received as a direct wave, and detecting an abnormality in the transmitter or receiver when no signal of the direct wave is included; and a determiner to obtain a speed of a vehicle including the transmitter and receiver, and when the speed is not greater than a threshold, cause the abnormality detector to start the abnormality detection process.

Technologies for steering sensors in a sensor carrier structure on an autonomous vehicle (AV) are described herein. In some examples, a sensor positioning platform on an AV can include an actuator system including a motor configured to move and reposition a sensor carrier structure having a plurality of sensors; a motor controller configured to receive instructions for controlling the motor to reposition the sensor carrier structure and, based on the instructions, send to the motor control signals configured to control the motor to reposition the sensor carrier structure; one or more hoses arranged within tubes mounted to a portion of the actuator system and configured to output sensor cleaning substances through a thru-bore on the actuator system; and one or more cleaning systems configured to receive the sensor cleaning substances and spray the sensor cleaning substances on one or more sensors on the sensor carrier structure.

The technology relates to operation of a vehicle in a self-driving mode by determining the presence of occlusions in the environment around the vehicle. Raw sensor data for one or more sensors is received and a range image for each sensor based is computed based on the received data. The range image data may be corrected in view of obtained perception information from other sensors, heuristic analysis and/or a learning-based approach to fill gaps in the data or to filter out noise. The corrected data may be compressed prior to packaging into a format for consumption by onboard and offboard systems. These systems can obtain and evaluate the corrected data for use in real time and non-real time situations, such as performing driving operations, planning an upcoming route, testing driving scenarios, etc.